杂交籼稻品质性状的基因型与环境效应

以８个杂交籼稻为试验材料，比较分析了５项稻米品质性状的基因型与环境变异．结果表明：杂交稻米中直链淀粉含量等５项品质性状在３个地点、２个季节下的变异均达显著；粒形、粒长、垩白度３项外观品质性状存在显著的基因型差异；在地点、季节、基因型３个因素中，季节变异占总变异的分量最大，平均达８４．０６％，特别是碱解值、直链淀粉含量和垩白度３项品质性状表现突出；地点与季节对各项品质性状的影响无主次之分．遗传力分析进一步表明，粒形、粒长两个性状具有较强的遗传传递力，而垩白度为受环境影响最大的性状．本文还讨论了５个品质性状间的遗传相关性．

The Effect of Genotypes and Evironment on Qualitative Characteristics in indica Hybrid Rice

Eight indica hybrids were used for the experiment. Five qualitative characteristics were analysed in terms of environment and genotypes variation. The results revealed that the environmental effects on the five characteristics in hybrids were significant in all the three locations and two seasons, and the same was also true for genotype variations in grain shape, grain length and chalkiness. But the variation percentage varies in relation to location, sowing season and genotype. Among the three factors, sowing season was the highest in the variation percentage, 84.06% on average, especially in the three characteristics alkali digestion value, amylose content and chalkiness. As for the effects of location and sowing season on all the qualities of hybrid rice, they did not seem to differ significantly. The analysis of heritability further indicated that the grain shape and grain length were of high heritability, while chalkiness was subject most significantly to the environment. In this paper, the genetic correlation among all the five qualities was also discussed.