不同生态条件对大豆品种产量性状的影响

本文指出,大豆的丰产稳产,需要建立在一定的生态类型的基础上,一定类型的品种,适应于一定的生态条件。在黑龙江省安达县瘠薄盐碱土壤上,植株高大,有分枝的类型,是主要适应类型。在黑龙江省绥化县高肥土壤上,则表现相反,以植株不过高,节简短,主茎发达,结荚多的生态类型,才是高产品种类型。对品种材料在不同生态条件下,各性状变异系数的计算结果也证明,株高、分枝数、分枝荚数、节间长度等性状的变异系数高,易受生态条件的影响而发生变化。

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL CONDITION ON VARIETAL YIELD CHARACTERS OF SOYBEANS

Ten soybean cultivars which had been released in Hei Longjiang province during different periods were tested at four different ecological localifies with two seeding rates. Results of the study showed that high and stable yield of soybean should be based upon a certain adaptable ecological type. The plant height, number of branches, number of pods on branches, and length of internodes of Soybeans are positively correlated with yield on alkaline and unfertile soil of An Da county therefore soybeans with tall plant and proliferans branches are adaptable types for such ecological conditions. On the other hand on fertile soils Sui Hua County, plant height, number of branches, numbre pods on branch, and length of internodes are negatively correlated with yield. This shows that soybeans with medium plant height, short internodes,moer pods on main stem are adaptable types for higher soil fortility. The shift of soybean types of comercial varieties in Song Hua and Harbin area also reveals that there is a close relationship between cutival conditions and soy-bean eco—types.