玉米子粒的生长发育模式与产量

本文从玉米不同栽培密度入手,采用数学模拟和统计分析方法,对玉米子粒的生长发育进行系统的研究。结果表明:玉米子粒的生长发育既有其自身的生物学规律,又受环境条件的制约。表现在子粒数量在生长发育过程中受到一系列的削减,而且不同密度的群体削减幅度不同,最终获得的有效粒数仅为最初小花总数的50～74%;子粒重量、体积及内含物增长和累积呈线性趋势,最终累积量的三分之二以上决定于有效灌浆期与灌浆强度的相互作用。不同密度群体子粒重量、体积及内含物的增长和累积幅度与速度都明显不同。子粒产量取决于最终的子粒数量和重量(Y=-154.1432+0.3962X_3+3.5365X_5),只有挖掘子粒数量和重量潜力,才能实现高产。

A MODEL OF THE GROWTH OF MAITRE SEED AND YIELD

This article deals with systematics researches on the seed growth of maize grown in the variouscultivating densities with the methods of mathematics simulations and statistics analysis.The resultsare:the growth of maize seed has its own biological laws,and it is also controlled by environmentalconditions.The quantity of seeds is reduced several times in the growing process,and therefore thefinal quantity of effective seeds is only 50～74% of the total of the initial small flowers.The in-creases of seed weight and size and the accumulation of seed components tend to be a linear.Twothirds of the final accumulation depends on the effective grain-filling period.The seed yield is condi-tioned by final seed quantity and weight.Only improving the potential of seed quantity and weightcan a high yield be achieved.