荔枝树冻害指标初探

强低温常使荔枝树造成冻害，重者死亡。最低气温是荔枝树栽培主要限制因子。为了弄清给荔枝树造成损害程度低温指标，收集了福建省近几年冬季考察的低温资料、荔枝树低温冻害调查资料和有关参考文献中记载的荔枝树冻害资料、同期的低温资料，参考广西壮族自治区气象减灾研究所1999—2000冬季5个县(市)荔枝树冻害的照片资料和相对应的低温资料；经统计处理整理成同时同地荔枝树的冻害级别与百叶箱中的最低气温资料；据荔枝树的冻害资料和最低气温资料进行相关统计分析，经相关分析表明：它们可以用一元二次方程进行拟合；荔枝树的无冻害、轻冻害、中冻害、重冻害、严重冻害的最低气温分别为-0.3℃、-1.9℃、-3.1℃、-3.8℃、-4.1℃；荔枝树各个冻害级别之间温差随着冻害级别的提高而缩小。

Primary Research on Index of Lichi Freeze Injury

The extreme low temperature leaded to freeze injury or death of Lichi. The main restricted factor for planting Lichi. The study wanted to make clear the index of freeze injury to Lichi. Low temperature data of Fujian province recent years and now, information about freeze injury of lichi in survey and literature were gathered, refering to photo and corresponding low temperature data about five county(city) in winter in 1999 that provided by guangxi research institute of meteorological disaster mitigation; by statistic methods dealing with above information gave the result on the extreme low temperature data gathering by thermometer screen and the freeze injury grade of lichi; correlation analysis on data of freeze injury and the extreme low temperature indicated that the temperature of no freeze injury and slight freeze injury and moderate freeze injury and serious freeze injury and most serious freeze injury is respectively -0.3℃ and -1.9℃ and -3.1℃ and -3.8℃ and -4.1℃; Difference of teperature between every freeze injury grade of lichi turned to disappear when grade increased.