甜瓜枯萎病拮抗细菌的筛选及大田防效试验

本试验旨在从环境中分离甜瓜枯萎病的拮抗细菌，并通过适当的复配进行大田试验，以期为该病的生物防治提供参考。从大棚甜瓜根际土壤中分离得到116株细菌，利用平板对峙法、管碟法筛选出13株对甜瓜枯萎病病原菌具有较好拮抗作用的细菌，其中以F-1和D-3的拮抗作用最强。经形态特征和生理生化鉴定，菌株F-1和D-3均属于芽孢杆菌属。大田试验结果表明，F-1和D-3发酵液对甜瓜枯萎病的防效分别达到85.7%和81.6%，F-1和D-3混合发酵液对甜瓜枯萎病的防效达到91.8%，均极显著地高于农药组的防效（64.6%），显示出良好的防治潜力。

Selection of Antagonistic Bacteria to Melon Fusarium Wilt and Their Biocontrol Effect in Fields

The research was about to isolate antagonistic bacteria to melon fusarium wilt and detect its effect by field trail, it established a foundation for the biological control. 116 bacterial strains were isolated from rhizosphere soil of melon. Dual culture experiments and cylinder-plate method showed that 13 bacterial strains were of obvious antibacterial activities against the melon fusarium wilt. Among them, strain F-1 and D-3 were found much more effective than the others. Based on the results of physiologi...