耕作和培肥对豫中区冬小麦生长和产量性状的影响

以‘百农矮抗58’为试验材料，在2007-2008年度深耕土壤的基础上，于2008-2009年度研究了深耕（耕深40 cm）和浅耕（耕深20 cm）2种耕作方式和底施专用复合肥（B1）、专用复合肥+鸡粪（B2）及专用复合肥+饼肥（B3）3种培肥模式对豫中区冬小麦生长和产量性状的影响。结果表明：浅耕模式下小麦的株高、群体数量、叶片叶绿素含量及地上部单株干物质积累量均高于深耕模式。B3培肥模式下，小麦叶片的叶绿素含量和植株地上部分干物质积累量较高。浅耕+B3模式下成穗数和穗粒数极显著高于其它模式，产量较高。综上，深耕基础上，浅耕配施复合肥和饼肥是豫中区适宜的种植模式。

Effects of Ploughing and Fertilization Measures on the Growth and Grain Yield of Winter Wheat in Mid Henan Province

With ‘ Bainong Aikang 58 ’ as experimental material, the effects of ploughing and fertilization measures on the growth and grain yield characteristics of winter wheat were studied in mid Henan Province during 2008-2009. The experimental field was ploughed deeply during 2007-2008. In this experiment, 2 ploughing measures were arranged, and the tilling depth was 20 cm （A 1 ） and 40 cm （A 2 ）, respectively. Under each ploughing measure, 3 fertilization treatments were set by random block design, which were compound fertilizer 750 kg/hm 2 only （B 1 ）, compound fertilizer 750 kg/hm 2 with chicken manure 1500 kg/hm 2 （B 2 ）, and compound fertilizer 750 kg/hm 2 with bean cake fertilizer 3000 kg/hm 2 （B 3 ）, respectively. The results showed that A 1 was more beneficial for wheat growth than A 2 on plant height and population, chlorophyll content in leaves and dry matter accumulation per stem. From the fertilization measures, chlorophyll content in leaves and dry matter accumulation per stem was higher under B 3 measure. Spike number and grain number per spike tended to be highest under A 1 B 3 , so the yield was also higher. Summing up the above, A 1 B 3 was the considered measure in mid Henan Province.