奶牛凝血因子Ⅺ缺乏症研究进展

荷斯坦牛凝血因子Ⅺ缺陷症（FactorⅪdeficiency）是一种常染色体单基因控制的隐性遗传疾病。部分患病牛繁殖性能异常,如屡配不孕、发情周期不稳定、卵泡直径小、排卵前血液中雌激素含量峰值降低、卵泡发育不完善和黄体溶解缓慢等,易患乳房炎、子宫炎和肺炎等,产犊率和犊牛存活率降低。本文综述了该遗传疾病的流行性、致病机理及分子诊断方法。

Research Advances of Clotting Factor XI Deficiency in Dairy Cattle

FactorⅪdeficiency is an autosomal recessive inherited defect caused by a single gene in Holstein cattle.Affected animals showed reproductive performance disorder.They might exhibit repeated service but conception failure,the follicular diameter was small and accompanied by lower peak estradiol concentrations in plasma near the time of ovulation.The oestrous cycle of the affected cows was characterized by a small follicular development and a slow process of luteolysis.The animals with FactorⅪdeficiency also appeared more susceptible to diseases such as mastitis and metritis.Furthermore,they would display lower calving and survival rate. In this review,the prevalence,pathogenesis and molecular diagnosis method of such inherited disease were summarized.