栽培管理对荻生长特性及生物质成分的影响

为了草本能源植物荻(Triarrhena sacchariflora)在华北地区的科学种植,研究了不同种植密度、施肥量和灌溉处理对其生长特性、生物质成分及生物量的影响。结果表明:在第一个生长季,种植密度对分蘖、生物量和茎叶比影响显著(P<0.05);灌溉对茎叶比、干鲜比和生物量影响显著;施氮肥对所有生长指标和生物量影响显著。在第二个生长季,种植密度对茎叶比影响显著;灌溉对分蘖影响显著;施氮肥对各生长指标及生物量影响不显著;种植密度对荻生物质N、H含量的影响不显著,但种植密度4.0 plant·m^-2降低了C含量;灌溉显著增加其生物质C含量,降低N含量;施氮肥增加了其生物质的N含量;灌溉与施氮肥的交互作用对荻生物质纤维素含量的影响显著,在灌溉条件下施氮肥降低了纤维素含量。栽培管理的关键是在合理种植密度基础上,通过适当灌溉补水和施肥优化其生长特性并提高生物质产量。

Effect of Cultivation Management on the Growth Characteristics and Biomass Components of Miscanthus sacchariflorus

As one candidate of the cellulosic herbaceous bio-energy plants,Triarrhena sacchariflora(Maxim.) Nakai is native to northern China and characteristic of high biomass yield,strong regrowth ability and low ash and high volatile matter contents in biomass.The effects of planting densities,fertilization,and irrigation on the growth characteristics,productivity,and biomass components of T.sacchariflora were studied in the field.During the first growing season,planting density had significant effects on yield,tillering,and ratio of stem to leaf;irrigation significantly influenced the biomass yield,ratio of stem to leaf,and ratio of dry to fresh weight;fertilization had significant effects on all the growth characteristics and biomass yield.During the second growing season,planting density and irrigation had significant effects on the ratio of stem to leaf and tillering,respectively;fertilization had no any significant effects on growth characteristics and biomass yield.Planting density had no effects on biomass N and H contents,but 4.0 plant·m^-2 significantly deceased biomass C content;irrigation significantly increased biomass C content,but decreased biomass N content;fertilization significantly increased biomass N content.Irrigation and N fertilization had significant interactive effect on biomass cellulose component,i.e.N fertilization reduced the cellulose content under irrigation.In summary,the key practical measures for T.sacchariflora should be to optimize the growth characteristics and improve the biomass yield by suitable irrigation and fertilization based on the appropriate planting density.