福建山地草业系统工程技术

１０ａ来，我们根据草地生态学原理和利用系统工程研究办法，在水土流失区、红壤山地和丘陵地筛选利用１８种优质高产牧草（如圆果雀稗、卡松古鲁狗尾草、拟高粱、宽叶雀种、马店、多花木兰等）建植人工草地和草果（林）结合植被这１４００ｈｍ２．通过在果园中或水上流失区建植草地，保持了水土，改善了上壤肥力和果树（林木）的生长环境，提高了果树（林木）的生长速度，增加了果树的产量（１０％－２０％）和果实品质（糖度提高３°），获得了高产优质的饲料．每公顷草料可生产４５０个畜产品单位的牧业产品．通过草粉代替皮等精料（代替率为５％－２６．２％），可降低饲养成本１３．５４％．利用牧草作菌基栽培食用菌，既节省了大量木料，又可将其投入产出比提高到１：１０以上，从而大幅度地提高了牧草的经济效益、社会效益和生态效益．

Agroforestry in Hilly Land in Fujian Province,China

Based on principals of grassland ecology and using engineering research methods,1400 hm2 ofSown pastures on there own or with fruit and other trees have been established between 1981 and 1991.Eighteen forage species have deen utilized,including Paspalum orbiculare,Setaria sphacdlata cv. kazungula,Sorghum propinquum, paspalum wetteseinii, Dihitaria sanguinalis, Indigo fera amblyantha .As a result of establishing these improved pastures on sloping and redaimed for growing fruit trees water eroison and soil loss has been decreased and the loW-feeding value local have been replaced. Reduced run off has impoved water availablity to the fruit trees and improved soil fertility has improved the enironmcnt of the trees.Thus yield of oranges and sugar degree are increased by 10%and 3°, respecuvely,and large amount of forage with high quality was gained which produced 450 Animal Product per hm2. Rearing cost was decreased by 13.54% through replacing bran with grass powder (replacing rate 5%-26.2%).By cultivatihg edible fungi on grass,large amount of wood was saved and the ratio of input to output was as high as 1: 10.Therefore, the grass economic value, social avlue and ecological value was greatly developed.