微波对毛酸浆籽油提取效率的影响及其脂肪酸分析

以毛酸浆种子为原料,研究索氏微波提取法对毛酸浆籽油提取效率的影响,并以甲酯化脂肪酸为标准品,采用气相色谱法对毛酸浆籽油脂肪酸成分进行分析,通过与标准品比对出峰时间确定试样脂肪酸成分,使用面积归一法确定试样中各脂肪酸含量。结果表明,与普通热风干燥相比,微波干燥法能够提高毛酸浆籽油的提取效率;利用气相色谱法对毛酸浆籽油进行脂肪酸分析,共检测出8种脂肪酸,分别为:肉豆蔻酸1.3%,棕榈酸10.3%,硬脂酸5.3%,油酸14.3%,亚油酸62.7%,亚麻酸4.0%,花生酸1.1%,二十二烷酸1.0%。其中不饱和脂肪酸相对含量占81.0%,说明毛酸浆籽油具有较高的营养价值,开发前景广阔。

Effect of Microwave on the Extraction Efficiency of Physalis pubescens L. Seed Oil and Its Fatty Acid Analysis

The effect of microwave drying on the soxhlet extraction efficiency of Physalis pubescens L. seeds oil was studied and the seed oil fatty acids of Physalis pubescens L. were analyzed by GC based on the determination of fatty acid methyl ester. Fatty acids were identified by comparing the retention times with standard samples and the relative contents were confirmed by peak area normalization method. The result showed that, microwave drying could increase the extraction efficiency compared with ordinary hot air drying, 8 kinds of fatty acids were detected in Physalis pubescens L. seeds oil, including nutmeg acid 1.3%, palmitic acid 10.3%, stearic acid 5.3%, oleic acid 14.3%, linoleic acid 62.7%, linolenic acid 4.0%, arachidic acid 1.1% and docosanoic acid 1.0%. The relative contents of unsaturated fatty acids was 81.0%, which indicated the seed oil had a higher nutritional value and a promising development prospect.