拮抗细菌BMY-1菌株对几种水果储藏病原真菌的抑制作用

采用平板对峙培养法测定从土壤中分离获得的拮抗细菌BMY-1菌株对柑桔绿霉病菌（Penicillium digatatum）、柑桔青霉病菌（Penicillium italicum）、苹果炭疽病菌（Glomerella cingulata）、苹果轮纹病菌（Physalospora piricola）、梨扩展青霉病菌（Penicillium expansum）、葡萄白腐病菌（Coniothyrium dlodiella）等6种水果产后病原真菌的抑制作用。结果表明，BMY-1菌株对苹果炭疽病菌（G.cingulata）和梨扩展青霉菌（P．expansum）的生长有较好的作用，抑菌率分别达48．43％和50．37％。采用液体共培养法观察到BMY-1菌株对病原真菌的菌丝有破坏作用，使苹果炭疽病菌菌丝扭曲和断裂，葡萄白腐病菌菌丝膨大畸形。对几种水果同时接种拮抗细菌BMY-1和病原真菌，BMY-1菌株对苹果炭疽病病斑和梨扩青病病斑扩展有较强的抑制作用，并能有效延迟葡萄白腐病发病时间。

Inhibition of Antagonistic Bacterium BMY-1 on Fungal Pathogens of Some Postharvest Fruits and Controls on Fruit Rots

Antagonistic bacteria BMY-1 were test for their inhibition against 6 pathogenic fungi of some postharvest fruits such as peniciUium P. digatatum sate, Glomerella cingulata to, Physalospora piricola Nose, penicillium expansum, Coniothyrium dlodiella, Penicillium italicum Wehmer. By using plate confrontation, the inhibitions on the fungi were tested. The result showed that inhibitions of BMY-1 strain on Glomerella cingulata and Physalospora piricola Nose are better and the bacteriostasis rate is 48. 43% and 50. 37%, respectively. Meanwhile liquid culturing was employed, the effects on the pathogen hypbae were viewed. The result showed that BMY-1 strain can make Glomerella cingulata hypbae of apple disintegrated and tortuous and of Coniothyrium dlodiella hypbae abnomal after the treatment of BMY-1. When the bacteria BMY-1 strain were inoculated on healthy fruits, the fruits rot was obviously put off and decreased, and the spot spread was inhibited, which will provide much instrument to the store of some fruits practically.