西伯利亚杏仁粕营养物质测定与其氨基酸组成评价

为了探究西伯利亚杏仁粕的营养成分及其特点,以西伯利亚杏仁粕为试材,分别采用溶剂法、灼烧法、凯氏定氮法等方法对杏仁粕营养成分的含量与组成进行了测定与分析;采用氨基酸自动分析仪测定了杏仁粕中氨基酸的组成,并应用氨基酸比值系数法,以WHO/FAO氨基酸参考模式为评价标准,对其必需氨基酸的组成进行了评价。测定结果表明:西伯利亚杏仁粕中蛋白质的含量为648.00 mg·g^-1,粗脂肪含量为54.00 mg·g^-1,粗纤维含量为3.20 mg·g^-1,灰分含量为44.00 mg·g^-1。西伯利亚杏仁粕中含有17种氨基酸,氨基酸总含量为65.86%;西伯利亚杏仁粕中8种人体必需氨基酸的总含量为20.59%,其中谷氨酸含量最高,为8.70%,其必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的含量比为0.45;其药用氨基酸含量高达41.79%。杏仁粕中还含有丰富的Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、K、Ca、Mg、P等微量元素和多种维生素,其中维生素E和维生素B2的含量分别为1.39×10-2与0.38×10-3 mg·g^-1。其必需氨基酸的构成比例基本符合食品法典委员会(WHO/FAO)的标准,其氨基酸的比值系数评分(SRC)为76.51。研究结果表明:西伯利亚杏仁粕营养丰富,所含人体必需氨基酸的种类齐全,且配比均衡,是有利于人体氨基酸营养平衡的优质食品原料。

Determination of nutrient components and evaluation on amino acid composition in Amygdalus sibirica kernel meal

In order to explore nutrient components in Amygdalus sibirica kernel meal and their characteristics,using A.sibirica kernel meal as materials,contents and composition of nutrient components in almond meal were determined and analyzed by using solvent method,burning method,and Kjeldahl method.Amino acid composition in almond meal was determined by using amino acid automatic analyzer,and composition of essential amino acids was evaluated by using amino acid ratio coefficient method and WHO/FAO amino acid reference model as the evaluation standard.The results showed that contents of protein,crude fat,crude fiber,and ash in A.sibirica kernel meal were 648.00,54.00,3.20,44.00 mg·g^-1,respectively.There were 17 kinds of amino acids in A.sibirica kernel meal,and total amino acid content was 65.86%.Total content of eight essential amino acids in A.sibirica kernel meal was 20.59%.Among which,glutamic acid content was the highest(8.70%),ratio of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids was 0.45,and medicinal amino acid content was 41.79%.Almond meal had rich trace elements and multiplex vitamins,such as Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn,K,Ca,Mg,P,and so on,and contents of vitamin E and vitamin B2 were 1.39×10^-2 and 0.38×10^-3 mg·g^-1,respectively.Composition ratio of essential amino acids was basically in accordance with the standard of Codex Alimentarius Commission(WHO/FAO),and its amino acid ratio coefficient score(SRC)was 76.51.In conclusion,A.sibirica kernel meal had rich nutrients,essential amino acids had a full range and a balanced ratio,so it was a high-quality raw food material that was beneficial to nutrition balance of amino acid in human body.