微晶化对钾长石粉钾素释放的影响

摘要: 利用微晶化设备对钾长石进行机械力活化处理，研究了不同处理时间对钾长石粉颗粒组成、 钾素释放量及生物有效性的影响。结果表明，钾长石经微晶化设备分别加工10 min、 40 min、 120 min和180 min后，微细颗粒（d10 m）组成比例分别达到51.69%、 65.44%、 85.34%和93.93%，比表面积明显增大，衍射峰强度显著减弱，同时钾素的释放量显著提高，其中微晶化处理180 min样品T3效果最好，2 mol/L HNO3和蒸馏水3次提取的钾总量分别为6118.8 mg/kg和2867.8 mg/kg; 4个处理（10 min、 40 min、 120 min和180 min）酸提钾总量分别是蒸馏水提钾总量的2.46、 1.81、 2.19和2.13倍，两种浸提剂提钾总量占钾长石全钾的0.50%~5.73%。微晶化以后钾长石粉中的绝大部分钾素仍以矿物态存在，但其生物有效性显著提高，促进了籽粒苋的生长和钾素积累。

Effects of microcrystalline grinding on potassium release in K-feldspar rock

 The K-feldspar rocks, mechanically activated by a microcrystalline mill with different times, were used to study effects of microcrystalline grinding on size distribution, potassium releases and bioavailability. The results showed that the cumulative percentage of fine particles (d≤10 μm) in K feldspar rocks which treated with 10 min, 40 min, 120 min and 180 min respectively reached 51.69%，65.44%，85.34% and 93.93%. With increasing ground time，the specific surface area obviously increased, the diffraction peak decreased remarkably and the potassium release amount improved significantly. Among them, the T3  treatment activated as 180 min had the best effect of potassium release amount with 6118.8 mg/kg and 2867.8 mg/kg by 2 mol/L HNO₃ and distilled water respectively. The total potassium of samples treated as 10 min, 40 min, 120 min and 180 min with acid treatments was 2.46, 1.81, 2.19 and 2.13 times higher than that of the distilled water treatments. The total potassium extracted by two solutions was 0.50%-5.73% in K-feldspar and the form was still mainly mineral potassium, but the microcrystalline K-feldspar rock with higher bioavailability could promote growth of gain amaranth and K accumulation.