桉树的分布及生态评价与结论

本文介绍了目前桉树在世界上的分布情况（包括原生分布和引种分布）并用DMAP软件将桉树分布的国家进行标记。对桉树分布区的气候类型进行对比，发现气候类型与我国相近的国家桉树生长良好，林间物种丰富。通过对桉树生态问题的详细分析，表明只要经营科学合理，桉树人工林单位耗水耗肥量并不高，并且林内生物多样性较好，桉树人工林的生态环境问题不是其本身造成的，而是种植经营技术不科学导致。为提高桉树人工林的木材质量和生态效益，对桉树人工林需进行合理栽培，如重视科研、改良造林技术、集约经营和完善保障机制。

Floristic Geography of Eucalyptus and Ecological Assessment within This Distribution

This paper examined the distribution of Eucalyptus around the world, including both the natural distribution and exotic distribution. These distributions were mapped by country using DMAP software. Examination of the climates across the distribution of Eucalyptus species revealed that Eucalyptus grow well in countries with similar climate types to southern China. Analyses of the ecologic factors revealed that water and nutrient consumption by eucalypt plantations were low, and these plantations generally contain abundant biodiversity. Ecological problems often attributed to Eucalyptus plantations have not been caused by such plantations in themselves but rather unscientific plantation management. In order to improve the quality and ecological benefits of Eucalyptus plantations along with timber yields, the industry needs to expedite scientific research on breeding, improved planting techniques, silvicultural management, and comprehensive protection mechanisms.