铜与锌对茶树生育特性及生理代谢的影响——Ⅰ.铜对茶树的生长和生理效应

采用大田和盆栽试验相结合的方法,通过调查测定茶树生育特性、多酚氧化酶和硝酸还原酶活性、碳氮代谢的变化等,研究了铜对茶树的生长和生理效应。结果表明,适宜的施铜量能促进茶树生长,特别是对新梢和吸收根具有明显的刺激作用,并能增强体内氧化还原酶促反应和碳氮合成代谢,从而提高产量,改善品质。但过量施铜,在叶面喷施时,新梢的萌发和生长受抑制;在土施时,吸收根数量明显减少。过量施铜还会引起酶活性的降低、碳氮代谢的方向发生变化等,从而导致茶叶产量和品质的下降。文中还对茶树铜的缺乏与过剩,铜与茶树抗逆性等问题进行了讨论。

Effects of Cu and Zn on the Development and the Physiological Metabolism of Tea Plants——Ⅰ.Effect of Cu on the Growth of Tea Plants

Field treatment and pot cultivation were conducted to investigate thephysiological effect of Cu on tea plants by determining the polyphenol oxi-dase(PPO)and the nitrate reductase(NR)activities and the Carbon andnitrogen metabolisms.Results showed that proper amount of Cu promotedthe growth of tea plants,especially the growths of shoots and absorbingroots,increased the PPO activity,the carbon and nitrogen metabolisms andthe contents of tea polyphenols,caffeine and amino acids.Excessive amountof Cu inhibited the sprouting and development of shoots,reduced theamount of absorbing roots and enzyme activities and the carbon and nitrogenmetabolisms,resulting in the decreasings of tea yield and tea quality.Effect of Cu deficiency and relation between Cu and tea plant resistancewere also discussed.