君迁子组培体系的建立及优化

【目的】建立君迁子（Diospyros lotus L.）组培快繁体系并进行优化，为君迁子组培苗的生产应用提供技术支持及理论依据。【方法】以污染率、褐化率、成活率为考察指标，设置体积分数10% H₂O₂消毒10，20，30 min和体积分数2% NaClO消毒5 min+体积分数10% H₂O₂消毒10 min 4个处理，筛选君迁子外植体适宜的消毒方法；分别以君迁子萌动芽、春梢、腋芽和休眠芽作为外植体，筛选最合适的外植体材料；分析DKW、（1/2N）MS、1/2MS、MS培养基对组培苗启动培养的影响，筛选组培苗生长的最适培养基；增殖培养中，激素ZT、6-BA均设0，1.0，2.0，3.0，4.0 mg/L 5个水平，IAA设0.05，0.1，0.2 mg/L 3个水平，筛选组培苗继代增殖最适激素配比；最后分析不同质量浓度IBA（0，1.0，2.0，3.0 mg/L）对组培苗生根的影响。【结果】君迁子外植体最适的消毒方法为体积分数2% NaClO消毒5 min+体积分数10% H₂O₂消毒10 min；最佳外植体材料为萌动芽，其成活率可达60.00%；在（1/2N）MS培养基上组培苗生长更加健壮，启动培养效果较好；增殖培养最佳的激素配比为3.0 mg/L ZT+0.1 mg/L IAA，在此处理下，组培苗2级愈伤占比79.00%，显著高于其余处理，2级和3级株高占比分别为55.33%和44.67%，长势均匀且主茎粗壮，其增殖系数达5.83；君迁子生根培养较为适宜的IBA质量浓度为1.0 mg/L，生根率可达83.33%。【结论】初步建立了较为完整的君迁子组培体系，有助于柿砧木无性系产业化扩繁的推进。

Establishment and optimization of a tissue culture and rapid propagation system of Diospyros lotus L.

【Objective】A tissue culture and rapid propagation system was established and optimized to provide technical support and theoretical basis for the production and application of tissue culture seedlings of Diospyros lotus L..【Method】Taking pollution rate,browning rate and survival rate as investigation indexes,4 treatments of 10% H₂O₂ disinfection 10,20 and 30 min and 2% NaClO for 5 min combined with 10% H₂O₂ for 10 min were included to screen suitable disinfection methods for date plum explants.With dormant bud,sprouting bud,spring shoot and axillary bud as explants,the best explant material was screened.The effect of DKW,(1/2N)MS,1/2MS and MS medium on culture was analyzed to screen the optimal culture medium.In the proliferative culture,hormone ZT and 6-BA at 5 levels of 0,1.0,2.0,3.0 and 4.0 mg/L and IAA at 3 levels of 0.05,0.1 and 0.2 mg/L were used to obtain the optimal hormone combinations.The effects of IBA (0,1.0,2.0 and 3.0 mg/L) on the rooting of tissue culture seedlings were also studied.【Result】The best disinfection method for explants was 2% NaClO for 5 min with 10% H₂O₂ for 10 min.The best material was budding bud with survival rate of 60.00%.The (1/2N) MS medium had a good effect on the start-up culture of tissue culture seedlings.The optimal hormone combination in proliferation culture was 3.0 mg/L ZT+0.1 mg/L IAA,with the grade 2 healing ratio of tissue seedlings of 79.00%,which was significantly higher than other treatments.The ratios of grade 2 and 3 strains were 55.33% and 44.67%,respectively,and the growth was uniform and the main stem was strong with proliferation coefficient of 5.83.The suitable IBA concentration for the rooting culture of Diospyros lotus was 1.0 mg/L,and the obtained rooting rate was 83.33%.【Conclusion】A relatively complete tissue culture system of Diospyros lotus was initially established,and it was conducive to the industrialization and propagation of persimmon rootstock clone.