青刺果种粕粉对鸡免疫器官发育的影响

本试验旨在研究青刺果种粕粉对鸡免疫器官发育的影响。将7日龄鸡分成试验组和对照组,每组设3个重复;对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲粮分别添加10和15g/kg青刺果种粕粉,饲喂30d。第14、21和28日龄时分别取胸腺、法氏囊和脾脏称重并制作切片。结果表明,试验组鸡法氏囊、胸腺、脾脏脏器指数在各个日龄均显著或极显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。光镜下,14日龄时,试验组较对照组法氏囊皮质与髓质分界较清楚,淋巴滤泡形成,胸腺皮质不同程度增厚,脾脏形成动脉周围淋巴鞘;21日龄时,试验组较对照组法氏囊中淋巴细胞发育成熟,形态较小,淋巴滤泡直径增加,胸腺小体增多,皮质增厚,脾脏淋巴细胞致密;28日龄时,试验组与对照组比较,法氏囊淋巴滤泡较大,胸腺小体增大,可见朗罕氏细胞,脾小体和生发中心较发达。电镜下,试验组脾脏淋巴细胞形态均一,核仁增多,核染色质边移,随着日龄的增长,淋巴细胞活性增加。结论:青刺果种粕粉能促进鸡免疫器官的生长发育。

Effect of Prinsepia Utilis Royle Fruit Meal on the Development of Immune Organ in Chickens

To study the effect of Prinsepia Utilis Royle Fruit Meal on the development of immune organ in chickens,chickens were divided into two groups:one was experimental groups,the other was control group.Each group had three repetitions.The experimental group received basal diets supplemented 10 g/kg and 15 g/kg Prinsepia Utilis Royle Fruit Meal.Three chickens in each group were selected and slaughtered at 14,21,28 days respectively.The thymus,bursa and spleen were obtained,weighted,and putted in Bouin liquid and made into paraffin section.Compared with control group,the weight of thymuses,bursas and spleens of experiment group increased significantly (P<0.05) or extremely significantly (P<0.01).Under light microscope,on 14-day old,the nodulus lymphaticus formed,the cortex of thymus became thickened in different lever,the spleen Periarterial Lymphatic Sheaths formed and the demarcation between cortex and medullary substance in bursa of test group was more clear than control group;on 21-day old,the cell differentiation of lymphocytes was maturate than before of the test group,and the nodulus lymphaticus increased diameter,the number of Hassall corpuscle more than control group,the thymus cortex broadened.Lymphocytes in spleen align closely;on 28-day old,the nodulus lymphaticus in bursa and concentric corpuscles of test group was bigger than control group,Langerhans cell had been appear.The germinal center of splenic nodule were obvious in test group.Under electronic microscope,the number of nucleolus increased and nuclear chromatin moves around the nuclear membrane and lymphocytes with uniform form in spleen lymphocytes of test group.The activity of lymphocytes increased as time grown.The Prinsepia Utilis Royle Fruit Meal can advance significantly the development of immune organs in chickens.