苦丁茶不同提取物的体外抑菌作用研究（摘要）

[目的]研究苦丁茶不同粗提物的抑菌效果。[方法]制备了3种苦丁苯粗提物。粗提物1：称取苦丁茶50 g,加500 ml去离子水浸泡10 h,加热至沸腾,文火2h,过滤。药渣再加3～5倍去离子水煎煮,方法同上,重复3次。合并3次提取液,用旋转蒸发仪浓缩成50 ml,即每1 ml相当于含生药1.0 g,粗提物2：称取50 g干粉（用中药粉碎机粉碎后过80目）,加500 ml去离子水,水浴80℃恒温振荡3 h,离心,取上清液,浓缩,加3倍体积无水乙醇,离心取沉淀,用去离子水配成50 ml溶液。粗提物3：称取50 g干粉,加500 ml 90%乙醇,采用回流提取法,同流时间3 h,回流次数3次,合并3次提取液,过滤,用旋转蒸发仪浓缩成50 ml。粗提物1、粗提物2、粗提物3分装于棕色试剂瓶,封口,于-20℃冰箱中保存,使用前121℃高压灭菌20 min采用试管二倍稀释法和纸片扩散法,对金黄色葡萄球菌与大肠埃希菌进行体外抑菌试验,并测定其最小抑菌浓度（MIC）,最小杀菌浓度（MBC）和抑菌环直径。[结果]粗提物1抑菌效果较强,高于粗提物2和粗提物3,对金黄色葡萄球菌与大肠埃希菌的MIC分别为3.91 mg/ml和31.25 mg/ml。粗提物1对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌作用效果最好,抑菌能力最强,抑菌作用为高敏,抑菌环直径达（17.46±0.40）mm,对大肠埃希菌的抑菌作用为中敏,但比粗提物2、粗提物3好;粗提物2对这2种菌的抑菌能力都较差,均为低敏,特别是对大肠埃希菌,抑菌环直径只有（6.30±0.16）mm。粗提物3对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌的抑菌作用相差不大,都为中敏。粗提物1不但抑菌效果好,且其提取方法、步骤简单,仪器设备价格低,同时不产生废气,可为临床应用上提供支持并带来方便。粗提物3需使用有机溶剂,大量使用容易产生三废,给环境带来一定的危害。考虑到抑菌能力及成本、环保和简便等因素,采用提取粗提物1的方法在生产上比较实用。[结论]苦丁茶的不同粗提物均有不同程度的抑菌作用,为苦丁茶开发成新型、安全的抑菌剂提供了参考。

Study on In vitro Bacteriostasis of the Different Extract from llex Kudingcha C.J.Tseng

[ Objective ] The aim was to study bacteriostatic activity of the different extract from Ilex Kudingcha C. J. Tseng. [ Method ] By using test tube 2 -fold dilution method and Kirby-Baueer Disc Diffusionto,we conducted inhibitory test on S. aureus and E, coil and determined the minimal inhibitory concentration （MIC） and minimum bactericidal concentration （MBC）and the diameter of inhibition zone. [ Result ] The extract 1 had fairly strong in vitro bacteriostasis activities and than the extract2 and extract3. The MIC and MBC was 3.91 mg/ml and 31.25 mg/ml on S. aureus and E. coil [ Conclusion] The result showed that the different extract from Ilex Kudingcha C. J. Tseng had varying amount of different bacteriostatic activities,the Ilex Kudingcha C. J. Tseng was developed new and safe bacteriostatic reagent to provide reference.