利用Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9研制复合微生物肥料

针对化肥、传统有机肥和生物肥料的优缺点,开发集化肥速效、有机肥长效和生物肥增效为一体的复合微生物肥料具有重要意义。本文鉴于Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9易在逆境中形成芽孢,具有耐盐性好,抗病,广谱促生等特点,利用其通过固态发酵研制的生物有机肥添加一定配比的无机化肥研制"全元"复合微生物肥料。同时通过粉状、颗粒复合微生物肥料存放试验和田间试验对"全元"复合微生物肥料的配方、工艺和肥效进行了初步的研究。结果表明:粉状和颗粒复合微生物肥料储存6个月时,功能菌活菌数量均超过国家标准(2×107 cfu/g,干重);田间试验结果表明,复合微生物肥料能明显促进番茄的生长,与等养分有机无机复合肥、化肥处理和不施肥处理相比,在总养分100 g/kg施肥水平下,番茄增产幅度分别达8.23%、10.26%和37.73%;在总养分140 g/kg施肥水平下,番茄增产幅度分别达7.36%、13.92%和44.77%。因此,利用Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9能够生产粉状和颗粒状复合微生物肥料。

Utilization ofBacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 for Developing Compound Microbial Fertilizer

For the advantage and disadvantage of chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer and tradition bio-fertilizer, the development of compound microbial fertilizer (CMF) containing characteristics of quick-efficiency for chemical fertilizer, long- quick-efficiency for organic fertilizer and enhanced-efficiency bio-fertilizer is significant. Since Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 can easily form spores when facing adversity and have been reported to salt tolerance, effectively control multiple plant diseases and promote plant growth, adding suitable amount of chemical fertilizer in bio-organic fertilizer solid-state fermented with this strain was performed to explore CMF in this study. Meanwhile, storage and field experiments of powdery and granular compound microbial fertilizers were conducted. Results showed that after storage for six months, the number of viable strain SQR9 in powdered and granular CMFs both more than 0.2 × 10₇ CFU g_-1 DW fertilizer, the government standard; field experiments showed that the compound microbial fertilizer significantly promoted the growth of eggplant and tomato. Compared to the compound fertilizer and chemical fertilizer treatments with the same level of nutrition and no fertilizer control, the treatment supplied the CMF containing 10% nutrients increased tomato yield by 8.23%, 10.26% and 37.73%; and the yields increased by 7.36%, 13.92% and 44.77%, respectively when supplied the CMF containing 14% nutrients.