不同浓度矮壮素处理对高温环境黄瓜幼苗徒长及定植后生长的影响

秋季黄瓜育苗正值高温季节，容易导致幼苗徒长，为明确高温环境下抑制黄瓜幼苗徒长的适宜矮壮素浓度及其对移栽后黄瓜生长的影响，以黄瓜康秀4号为材料，采用不同浓度（0、200、300、400、500mg/L）的矮壮素，在昼夜温度为33℃/23℃环境下对黄瓜幼苗进行喷施处理，分析比较黄瓜幼苗植株性状、壮苗指数及移栽后的株高及产量相关指标。喷施200、300 mg/L矮壮素处理均具有较好的抑制幼苗徒长的效果，喷施200 mg/L矮壮素处理黄瓜株高和下胚轴长均最小，分别较对照显著降低34.9%和24.1%，下胚轴粗、叶面积、根干质量、叶片干质量、壮苗指数均最大，分别较对照提高9.8%、1.3%、6.7%、12.4%、46.7%，且下胚轴粗和壮苗指数与对照间均达显著差异水平；喷施300mg/L矮壮素处理可较好促进植株干、鲜质量的形成，移栽后的株高较对照显著降低8.4%，前期产量较对照显著提高14.5%；喷施500 mg/L矮壮素则对幼苗及移栽后的生长造成了不利影响。因此，200mg/L矮壮素溶液适用于育苗，300 mg/L矮壮素溶液更有利于移栽后早期黄瓜植株生长和产量增加，可根据不同需求进行选择。

Effects of Different Concentrations of Chlormequat on Spindling of Seedlings under High Temperature Environment and Growth after Transplanting of Cucumber

Abstract: Cucumber seedling raising in autumn is in high temperature season, which easily leads to spindling of cucumber seedlings. In order to determine the suitable concentration of chlormequat to inhibit spindling of cucumber seedlings under high temperature environment and its effect on the cucumber growth after transplanting, cucumber variety ''Kangxiu No.4'' was used as material, and different concentrations of chlormequat (0, 200, 300, 400, 500 mg/L) were sprayed on cucumber seedlings at 33 ℃ and 23 ℃ during day and night. The plant traits and strong seedling index of cucumber seedlings, and plant height and yield-related index after transplanting were compared and analyzed. The results showed that treatments of spraying 200, 300 mg/L chlormequat had good effects on inhibiting spindling of seedlings. The plant height and hypocotyl length were both the smallest of treatment under spraying 200 mg/L chlormequat, which significantly decreased by 34.9% and 24.1% than that of the control, respectively, while the hypocotyl diameter, leaf area, dry weight of roots, dry weight of leaves and strong seedling index were all the largest, which increased by 9.8%, 1.3%, 6.7%, 12.4 % and 46.7% than that of the control, respectively, and the hypocotyl diameter and strong seedling index were all significantly different to the control. Treatment of spraying 300 mg/L chlormequat could promote the formation of dry and fresh weight of plants, and the plant height after transplanting decreased significantly by 8.4% and the early yield increased significantly by 14.5% compared with the control. Treatment of spraying 500 mg/L chlormequat had adverse effects on the growth of seedlings and plants after transplanting. Therefore, 200 mg/L chlormequat solution was suitable for seedlings raising, and 300 mg/L chlormequat solution was more beneficial to the plant growth and yield increase of cucumber in the early.