荆芥挥发性成分的提取方法研究

[目的]分析研究荆芥挥发性成分的提取方法。[方法]采用GC-TOFMS分析同时蒸馏萃取法、回流法、程序升温微波萃取法提取的荆芥挥发性成分和顶空气体挥发性成分的组成和相对含量,并比较4种提取方法对挥发性成分的组成和相对含量的影响。[结果]从同时蒸馏萃取物、回流提取物、程序升温微波萃取物和顶空气体中分别鉴定出60、27、38和34种成分,而且,不同提取方法提取的挥发性成分的组成和相对含量明显不同。从同时蒸馏萃取物中鉴定出60种成分,主要成分及相对含量为草蒿脑(44.75%);回流提取物中鉴定出34种成分,主要成分及相对含量为草蒿脑(34.90%);程序升温微波萃取物中鉴定出38种成分,主要成分及相对含量为草蒿脑(39.90%);顶空气体中鉴定出27种成分,主要成分及相对含量为草蒿脑(84.82%)。由此可见,云南德宏产荆芥的主要成分为草蒿脑。[结论]该方法稳定、简捷、可靠,可用于荆芥挥发性成分的提取方法研究。

Comparison Study on Extraction Methods of Volatile Components from Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq

[Objective] To study the methods for extracting volatile components from Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq.[Method] The volatile components was extracted from the S.tenuifolia by simultaneous distillation,backward flow,program raise of temperature microwave extraction and headspace.Then,GC-TOFMS was used to analyse their components and relative content.Besides,effects of different extracting technologies on volatile components were also compared.[Result] 60,27,38 and 34 chemical components were identified from S.tenuifolia extracts prepared by simultaneous distillation,backward flow,program raise of temperature microwave extraction,and headspace,respectively.Both components and relative content of volatile components were notably different in extracts prepared by different method.Moreover,estragole was the main component of the above S.tenuifolia extracts that accounted for 34.90%,39.90%,39.90%,and 84.82%,respectively.[Result] This method was stable,simple,direct and reliable,which could be used for extracting volatile components from S.tenuifolia.