景观文化与文化景观

立足于人文科学角度,阐述了景观文化与文化景观的内涵,并从构成、类型、特征的角度对二者进行比较分析,认为从构成角度看,文化景观可以狭义地理解为构成景观文化的非物质部分;从类型上看,各种类型的文化景观都有其对应的景观文化;从特征上看,景观文化与文化景观都具有地域性、独立性、包容性、积累性、传承性,不同的是景观文化的滞后性、稳定性和文化景观的不稳定性。论证了景观文化和文化景观的本质关联、发展关联、共生关联和互转关联,将景观文化和文化景观从本质上看做一个不断发展的开放理论体系,指出二者的不一致性是在历史发展过程中形成的,"人"的因素始终贯穿其中,并认为在一定条件下,文化景观与景观文化是可以相互转换的。

Study on Landscape Culture and Cultural Landscape

From the perspective of humanities,connotations of landscape culture and cultural landscape were elaborated,components,types and characteristics of both were compared.In terms of component,cultural landscape in narrow sense can be interpreted as the intangible component of landscape culture;in terms of type,all types of cultural landscapes have corresponding landscape cultures;in terms of characteristics,both of them are independent and inclusive with regionality,accumulation and inheritance of the old,but landscape culture is hysteretic and stable while cultural landscape is unstable.Essence correlation,development correlation,coexistence relation and mutual-transformation between landscape culture and cultural landscape were demonstrated.Considering landscape culture and cultural landscape as a constantly-evolving open theory system,it was proposed that inconformity of them has been formed in the historic development and "human" factor has always been an essential element.Under certain circumstances,cultural landscape and landscape culture were able to transform to each other.