不同苹果品种自交不亲和强度的研究

目的]研究不同苹果品种的自交不亲和强度。方法]通过田间授粉和花柱半离体培养方法对8个苹果品种进行试验,分析不同苹果品种自交不亲和强度。结果]早红香苹果自花授粉花序坐果率为90.17%,确定为自交亲和品种,嘎拉、夏光、红奥、桑萨、金冠、富士和斗南自花授粉花序坐果率均在30%以下,为自交不亲和品种。不同授粉组合花柱半离体试验表明,早红香苹果为自交不亲和强度弱的品种,金冠、富士和斗南3个品种为自交不亲和强度强的品种,与田间授粉试验结果一致。结论]苹果多数品种为自交不亲和品种,需要合理配制授粉树以满足生产中对产量的要求。

Studies on Self-incompatibility Intensity of Different Apple Cultivars

Objective] The study aimed to study the self-incompatibility intensity of different apple cultivars.Method] With 8 apple cultivars as the tested materials,the self-incompatibility intensity of different apple cultivars were analyzed by the methods of the pollination in the field and style semi vitro culture.Result] The self-pollinated Zaohongxiang apple had the fruit-setting percentage of 90.17%,which was confirmed as the self-compatible apple cultivar,while the self-pollinated Gala,Xiaguang,Shansha,Golden Delicious,Fuji and Dounan all had the fruit-setting percentage of below 30%,which were confirmed as the self-incompatibility culticars.The styles semi vitro culture test with different pollinated combinations showed that Zaohongxiang was weak self-incompatibility apple cultivar,Golden Delicious,Fuji and Dounan were strong self-incompatibility apple cultivars and this result was consistent with the pollination test in the field.Conclusion] Most of the apple cultivars were self-incompatibility cultivars,so it shoud need the reasonable configuration of the pollination tree to meet the apple yield requirements of production.