地膜胁迫下不同施氮量对烤烟生长发育及上部烟叶品质的影响

[目的]研究地膜胁迫下不同施氮量对怀化地区烤烟生长发育及上部烟叶品质的影响,为今后怀化烟叶生产的可持续发展提供理论依据。[方法]烤烟移栽大田后,全生育期不揭膜。固定氮∶磷∶钾配比为1∶1∶3,纯氮分别为135、120、105 kg/hm2,研究不同施氮量对烤烟生长发育及上部烟叶品质的影响。[结果]随着施氮量的增加,烟株生长发育更好,烟叶光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率都随之增大。各处理烟叶叶片组织结构均较僵硬,身份偏厚,上部烟糖含量相对较低,而总碱含量大于3%,对品质均较为不利,总体上各处理间品质差异不显著。[结论]烤烟大田生长不揭膜虽然可以减少氮用量和氮流失,但是地膜带来的胁迫或许是造成品质不协调的一个原因。

Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Rate on Flue - cured Tobacco Growth and Development and Its Upper Leaf Quality under Plastic Film Stress

[Objective] The aim was to study effects of different nitrogen application rate on flue-cured tobacco growth and development and its upper leaf quality under plastic film stress in Huaihua Area,provide a theoretical basis for flue-cured tobacco production of Huaihua in future.[Method] After transplanting,the plastic film which mulched flue-cured tobacco was not removed in the whole growing stages.Fixing N∶P∶K ratio(1∶1∶3),pure nitrogen for 135,120,105 kg/hm2 respectively,the different nitrogen application rate on the influences of flue-cured tobacco growth and development and its upper leaf quality were studied.[Result] The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen application rate,flue-cured tobacco plant grew better,photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were getting higher.All treatments flue-cured tobacco leaf tissue structure were stiff,identity was thick,sugar content of the upper leaf was low,total alkali content of the upper leaf was more than 3%.They were disadvantage to quality.In general,the quality differences between different treatments were no significance.[Conclusion] No removing the plastic film reduces nitrogen application rate and nitrogen loss,but the film stress is probably a reason that causes the leaf quality not coordinated.