微生物有机肥对陇东烤烟中性致香物质含量的影响及其机理初探

针对陇东烤烟生产中存在的因长期连作和施肥不合理引起的烟叶致香物质含量较低、香气不足和商品特性下降等问题,本研究于2009年在甘肃省正宁县进行大田试验,研究施用微生物有机肥对烤烟叶片中性致香物质含量的影响及其机理。结果表明,微生物有机肥处理(BIO)显著提高了烟叶中性致香物质总量,比对照(CK)增加了26.79%～134.33%;不同叶位的烟叶中性致香物质总量对BIO的反应明显不同,上部叶的增幅最大,上、中、下部叶分别比对照增加了134.33%,81.03%和26.79%。BIO处理改变了不同叶位中性致香物质总量的高低顺序,由CK处理的上部叶＞下部叶＞中部叶,改变为上部叶＞中部叶＞下部叶,有利于提高烤烟生产的产值。正宁烤烟烟叶的中性致香物质以新植二烯为主,占中性致香物质总量的79.67%～89.43%;BIO处理各部位烟叶中新植二烯的含量,上、中、下部叶分别比CK增加157.33%,88.15%和31.17%。BIO处理促进了烟株的氮吸收,不仅提高了新植二烯的前体物质叶绿素的含量,而且将叶绿素含量的峰值推迟了约15 d,从而延长了烟叶的成熟期;BIO处理在圆顶期叶片蔗糖转化酶和硝酸还原酶的活性分别比对照提高了30.02%和13.42%,这些指标的提高为烟株的干物质积累、氮素的吸收、以及中性致香物质和叶绿素的合成奠定了基础。

Effects of bio-organic fertilizer on neutral aroma component content in flue-cured tobacco in east of Gansu Province and its mechanisms

Low content of neutral aroma component(NAC),lack of aroma and flavor and the decline in commodity characteristics caused by long-time continuous mono-cropping and irrational fertilization have been the serious problems in flue-cured tobacco production in east of Gansu Province.A field experiment was carried out in Zhengning County in Gansu Province in 2009 to study the effects of bio-organic fertilizer(BIO) application on NAC content in flue-cured tobacco and its mechanisms.BIO significantly increased the t...