大豆籽粒贮藏蛋白11S/7S比值与生态因子相关关系的研究

 2001～2002年在河南省夏大豆主产区的5个试点，以豫豆25号为材料分13期播种，将109个大豆样本的11S/7S比值与气象、土壤养分和海拔、纬度等29个生态因子进行了逐步回归统计分析。结果表明，6个生态因子与大豆11S/7S比值密切相关。并明确了在夏大豆鼓粒成熟期较低的昼夜温差有利于提高11S/7S比值，鼓粒成熟期日照时数与11S/7S比值呈二次曲线关系，当日照时数在110.8 h时，11S/7S比值最小，当日照时数在459.2h时，11S/7S比值最大；在幼苗期较高的均温和较小的昼夜温差有利于提高11S/7S比值；分枝期较大的昼夜温差利于提高11S/7S比值；土壤中钾含量与11S/7S比值呈二次曲线关系，较低的土壤钾含量有利于11S/7S比值的提高，当土壤钾含量在1.32%时，11S/7S比值最小, 当土壤钾含量在0.83%时，11S/7S比值最大。在本试验研究范围内，其它生态因子对大豆11S/7S比值无显著影响。

Effects of Eco-Physiological Factors on Storage Protein 11S/7S Ratio in Soybean Seeds

The soybean cultivar Yudou No.25 was sown at different dates in 5 locations of Henan Province in 2001 and 2002. One hundred and nine samples of 11S/7S ratio in soybean seeds and 29 eco-physiological factors were received. The stepwise regression was used to screen the correlated factors,which significantly affected 11S/7S ratio. Results showed that: (1) The sunshine hour at seed-filling and maturation showed in curve relation to 11S/7S ratio, and optimum value for getting higher and lower 11S/7S ratio were 459.2 h and 110.8 h, respectively. The lower diurnal temperature variation at seed-filling and maturation was favorable for getting higher 11S/7S ratio. Lower diurnal temperature variation and higher mean temperature at seedling brought on higher 11S/7S ratio, both of the two factors showed liner relationship with the ratio of 11S/7S. Higher diurnal temperature variation at branching was suitable for higher 11S/7S ratio. (2) Liner relationship also existed between 11S/7S ratio and soil K content, the maximum and minimum 11S/7S ratio emerged when soil K content were 0.83% and 1.32%, respectively. (3) The 11S/7S content would not be affected by other eco-physiological factors in the range of this test.