AFLP markers reveal two genetic groups in the French population of the grapevine fungal pathogen <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</Emphasis> |
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Authors: | Gwenaelle Comont Marie-France Corio-Costet Philippe Larignon François Delmotte |
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Institution: | 1.INRA, UMR 1065 Santé Végétale (INRA-ENITA), Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV),Centre de Bordeaux-Aquitaine,Villenave d’Ornon,France;2.IFV N?mes,Domaine de Donadille,Rodilhan,France |
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Abstract: | Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, (Chaetothyriales, Herpotrichiellaceae) is one of the main causal agents of Petri disease and esca on grapevines. We have
used AFLP markers to study the population genetic structure of 74 isolates collected at different spatial scales: 56 isolates
originated from vines with esca disease sampled from four French vineyards (Poitou-Charentes, Aquitaine, Languedoc-Roussillon,
Alsace); 18 isolates were collected from a single plot (Aquitaine vineyard). Significant linkage disequilibrium indicated
that P. chlamydospora populations are not panmictic, whereas the level of haplotypic diversity observed, 72 single multilocus haplotypes identified
in total among the 74 isolates analysed, suggest that reproduction in this species may not be strictly clonal. Clustering
analyses suggests the presence of two genetically differentiated but sympatric clusters of isolates. The level of differentiation
between the two clusters is high (F
ST = 0.23) and significant at 13 out of the 21 loci analyzed. The most plausible explanation for this pattern of admixture is
the coexistence in P. chlamydospora French populations of two predominant clonal lineages. Finally, the low level of spatial genetic differentiation in this
study is consistent with the spread of this fungus through the transport of infected plant material by human activities. |
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