Scale calcification in the goldfish in vitro: histological and quantitative analysis |
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Authors: | Nobuhiro Ogawa Kazuhiro Ura Yasuaki Takagi |
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Institution: | (1) Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate Hokkaido, 041-8611, Japan;(2) Present address: Biomaterial Center, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan |
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Abstract: | The external layer of a teleost fish scale is composed of type I collagen, an amorphous matrix substance and hydroxyapatite
crystals. Calcification of this layer can be inhibited in the scale-regenerating process under calcium- and phosphate-deficient
(CaDPD) conditions, and can be facilitated by incubation in physiological saline. The aim of this study was to evaluate this
model of calcification using histological and quantitative analysis in order to promote further understanding of the mechanism
of calcification in fish scales. We found that the external layer of the scales produced under CaDPD conditions contained
more densely aligned collagen fibrils with a small amount of the amorphous matrix substance. The CaDPD scale contained only
one-third of the amount of calcium and phosphate present in the control fish. After 4 hours of incubation, a two- to threefold
increase in calcium content and a 1.5-fold increase in phosphate content were observed. Calcification proceeded in the external
layer, and mineral deposits grew only in the electron-dense matrix substance. We conclude that this model would be suitable
for studying the early process of fish scale calcification that occurs in the noncollagenous substance. The electron-dense
substance may contain key molecules that promote calcification. |
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