袋控释肥对斑苦竹林氨挥发的影响

为优化施肥模式、节能减排、保护竹林生态环境，文章通过实验室优选挥发氨的收集检测方法，并设置不施肥(CK)、袋控释肥(BF)、撒施肥(SF)3种施肥模式进行斑苦竹的林间原位监测试验，探讨袋控释肥对集约经营的斑苦竹林氨挥发的影响。室内实验表明，磷酸通气法、硫酸通气法、硼酸密闭法的氨回收率分别为90%、70%、60%；靛酚蓝比色法和纳氏比色法检测的回收率分别为90%、77%。基于室内实验结果，采用磷酸通气法收集、靛酚蓝比色法测定，开展斑苦竹不同施肥模式下的氨挥发监测试验。结果显示，袋控释肥氨挥发总量为37kg/hm²，损失总施氮量的15%；撒施肥氨挥发总量为137kg/hm²，损失总施氮量的56%。相较传统撒施肥模式，袋控释肥能有效节能减排，降低氨挥发，减少施肥对空气的污染，保护竹林生态环境。

Effect of Bag-Controlled Release Fertilization on Ammonia Volatilization in Plieioblaslus maculatus Forest

In order to optimize fertilization technology, save energy, reduce carbon emission and protect the ecological environment in bamboo forest, this study selects appropriate methods to collect and test ammonia volatilization in laboratory, carries out in-situ monitoring experiment in Plieioblaslus maculatus forest by setting 3 different fertilization mode including no fertilization (CK), application of bag-controlled release fertilizer (BF) and traditional broadcasting of fertilizer (SF), and discusses the effect of bag-controlled release fertilization on ammonia volatilization in intensively managed P. maculatus forest. The laboratory experiments show that phosphoric acid ventilation method, sulfuric acid ventilation method and boric acid sealing method have the recovery rates of 90%, 70% and 60%, respectively, while the recovery rates of indigo blue colorimetric method and Nalkennell colorimetric method are 90% and 77%, respectively. Based on the results of laboratory experiments, the phosphoric acid ventilation method and indophenol blue colorimetric method are selected for monitoring the ammonia volatilization under different fertilization methods. The monitoring show that the total ammonia volatilization of bag-controlled release fertilizer is 37 kg/ha, and the loss amount is 15% of the total nitrogen content, while the total ammonia volatilization of traditional broadcasting of fertilizer is 137 kg/ha, and the loss amount is 56%. Compared with the traditional broadcasting of fertilizer, bag-controlled release fertilizer application can save energy and reduce emissions, effectively decrease ammonia volatilization, reduce air pollution by fertilization, and protect the ecological environment in bamboo forests.