江苏省宜兴市毛竹资源利用历史变迁及现状

毛竹是森林资源的重要组成部分，研究毛竹资源利用及竹产业可持续发展极具现实意义。文章基于历史文献调查和对江苏省宜兴市竹材加工企业的问卷调查，分析了1916—2021年宜兴地区毛竹资源利用的历史变迁及发展现状。结果表明，宜兴市竹材加工业在20世纪60年代通过引进国外先进生产技术而得以迅速发展，在竹制品种类、加工方式等方面发生了明显变化。现阶段竹材加工企业以年轻中小企业为主，研发能力弱，竹制品同质性明显且附加价值低，主要盈利模式为薄利多销。文章建议，建立区域竹材储备体系以确保竹原材料稳定供给，竹产业与旅游业结合发展提高竹制品附加价值，同时积极响应“以竹代塑”倡议开发新产品，为推进宜兴竹产业可持续性发展提供新机遇。

Historical Changes and Current Status of Bamboo Resource Utilization in Yixing City,Jiangsu Province

Moso bamboo is an important part of forest resources, and it is of great practical significance to study the utilization of bamboo resources and the sustainable development of bamboo industry. Based on the literature review and the questionnaire survey among bamboo processing enterprises in Yixing City, Jiangsu Province, this paper analyzes the historical changes and current status of moso bamboo resource utilization from 1916 to 2021. The results show that local bamboo processing industry developed rapidly in the 1960s by introducing advanced production technology from abroad, resulting in obvious changes in bamboo products and processing methods. Currently, the bamboo processing industry is dominated by small-scale young enterprises, which are weak in research and development capacity, and thus they maintain the operation mode of small profit but quick turnover with their obviously homogenous bamboo products and low added value. It is suggested that a regional bamboo timber reserve system should be established to ensure the stable supply of bamboo raw materials, the bamboo industry should be combined with ecotourism to improve the value addition of bamboo products, and more efforts should be taken to actively respond to the initiative of “Bamboo as A Substitute for Plastic” for new products development. The study would provide new opportunities to promote the sustainable development of regional bamboo industry in Yixing City.