青海省"西繁东育"工程经济、生态效益核算

针对农民关心的经济收益问题,核算了"西繁东育"的经济收入;同时,参考Robert Costanza对全球自然生态系统服务价值的核算以及谢高地等对中国草地生态系统服务价值和青藏高原生态资产价值的评估,对"西繁东育"工程带来的生态效益进行估算.藏系绵羊羔羊、淘汰母羊和牦牛牛犊西繁东育为农民带来的经济收益分别为38.98,47.12元/只和212.6元/头,而因此产生的生态效益价值高达5 301.85元/个羊单位和15 953.31元/头,在青海实施"西繁东育"不仅可以增加农民经济收入,提高牧户抗灾保畜能力,因此而产生的生态效益也非常可观.

fattening in the east of Qinghai province

Abundant grassland resource in Qinghai is a substantial foundation for local animal husbandry development, also plays an vital role in eco-environment health of local or middle and lower reaches of Changjiang, Lantsang and Yellow river, supplying ecosystem services such as water holding capacity, erosion control, mitigation of droughts and floods, production and maintenance of biodiversity etc.; However, along with the increasing of livestock, large area of grassland degraded seriously because of overgrazing and other unreasonable utilization. Making use of grassland resources in the west and agro-by-products or herbage in the east, reproducing yak and sheep in the west and fattening them in the east is a very effective measure in mitigating grazing pressure on natural grassland, maintaining its sustainable production and reducing livestock mortality during winter, increasing net income of farmers living in the east. In this paper, the economic income and ecological benefit of this project were calculated and evaluated. The economic benefit from lamb, ewe and yak was 38.98, 47.12 and 212.6 yuan per head, respectively. Accordingly, the ecological benefit was 5 301.85 yuan/head for sheep and 15953.31 yuan/head for yak. Therefore, The project could not only increase farmer's income, but also producing big ecological benefit.