形体减阻类型、减阻机理与仿生

形体减阻在气体，流体和固体系统中有着良好的应用前景，对3种介质中运动物体的减阻类型与减阻机理进行归纳和分析。将形体减阻分为几何非光滑与柔性非光滑两种形式。从能量角度，通过建立界面能量平衡方程。将3种介质中减阻的实质统一为系统能量的转移量与转移速率，从仿生学角度，对一些人造物与自然生物的减阻效果做了对比分析。对刚性与柔性结构单元组合形式进行了分类归纳并举例，得出一些有益于工程仿生减阻设计的结论。

Types and Mechanisms of Shape Drag Reduction

Shape drag reduction technology has opened up a vast range of applied prospects in gas, fluid and solid structure design of engineering. The types and mechanisms of shape drag reduction were classified and analyzed respectively. A shape drag reduction consists of geometrical unsmoothed surfaces and compliant unsmoothed surfaces. The essence of shape drag reduction at different media lies in the energy transforming volume and transforming velocity in term of the bionics views. Some comparisons of the effects of shape drag reduction between creatures and man made things flexible unit combination were showed. The results show that at the same conditions, the resistance of flexible sample posses is smaller than that of the harder one. Some birds or insects have a better fly ability than that of man made flying machines whose properties to be improved by simulating animals' features.