母猪断配间隔的影响因素分析及其对下一胎繁殖性能的影响

分析影响母猪断配间隔（Weaning-Estrous Interval，WEI）的因素，并分析不同WEI对母猪下一胎繁殖性能的影响。根据新疆某场繁殖母猪2019-2020年12个月的生产分娩记录情况进行统计整理，采用单因素方差分析月份、胎次、品种和哺乳天数对母猪WEI的影响和WEI对母猪下一胎繁殖机能的影响。结果表明：月份间WEI差异显著（P < 0.05）；胎次间WEI差异显著（P < 0.05）；大白初产母猪WEI=4 d发情数最多，而杜洛克与长白猪初产母猪WEI=5 d时最多；3个品种经产母猪均在WEI=4 d时最多；不同哺乳天数下的母猪WEI差异显著（P < 0.05）；大白、长白和杜洛克初产母猪最早可在哺乳20 d、17 d和20 d断奶，经产母猪最早可在哺乳17 d、17 d和16 d断奶而不影响WEI；断奶后第4天和第5天配种，母猪繁殖性能表现最稳定，配种分娩率最高，死胎数最少。

Analysis of influencing factors of weaning-estrous interval and its effect on reproductive performance of next birth

This paper analyzes the factors affecting the weaning-estrous interval(WEI) of sows, and analyzes the effects of different WEI on the reproductive performance of the next litter of sows. According to the 12-month production and delivery records of a breeding sow in Xinjiang from 2019 to 2020, the effects of month, parity, breed and lactation days on WEI of sows and the effects of WEI on reproductive function of the next litter of sows were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. The results showed that there were significant differences in WEI between months (P < 0.05). There was significant difference in WEI between parity (P < 0.05). The estrus number of large white primiparous sows is the highest when WEI=4 days, while that of Duroc and Landrace sows is the highest when WEI=5 days. The multiparous sows of the three breeds were the highest when WEI=4d.WEI of sows in different lactation days is significantly different (P < 0.05). Large white, landrace and Duroc gilts can be weaned at the earliest at 20 days, 17 days and 20 days, and multiparous gilts can be weaned at the earliest at 17 days, 17 days and 16 days without affecting WEI. On the 4th and 5th day after weaning, the reproductive performance of sows was the most stable, the delivery rate of breeding was the highest, and the number of stillbirths was the least.