三种杀螨剂对双尾新小绥螨后代生长发育和繁殖的影响

为明确杀螨剂对双尾新小绥螨Neoseiulus bicaudus后代生长发育及繁殖的影响，采用联苯肼酯、三唑锡和哒螨灵对土耳其斯坦叶螨Tetranychus turkestani的致死中浓度处理双尾新小绥螨雌成螨，测定其后代各发育阶段的存活率、发育历期、寿命、雌性比例及繁殖力，构建亚致死条件下双尾新小绥螨后代的年龄-龄期两性生命表并模拟其种群增长模型，分析不同杀螨剂亚致死效应对捕食螨后代的影响。结果表明，联苯肼酯处理能显著缩短双尾新小绥螨后代的未成熟期（4.81 d），显著延长双尾新小绥螨后代雌成螨的寿命（45.43 d），且对存活率、产卵前期、雌性比例和净增殖率无显著影响。三唑锡处理降低了双尾新小绥螨后代雌性比例（0.37）并显著降低了其后代净增殖率（15.91），对未成熟期、产卵前期和雌雄成螨寿命均无显著影响。哒螨灵处理对双尾新小绥螨后代的未成熟期、存活率、雌成螨寿命、产卵前期、和雌性比例均未产生显著影响，仅显著延长了雌雄成螨寿命（51.22 d和44.23 d）。经所建Timing种群模型模拟，3种杀螨剂处理后双尾新小绥螨后代种群均可以继续增殖，经过60 d无限制增殖后，联苯肼脂处理的双尾新小绥螨后代种群数量是对照的1.62倍，达4 976头；哒螨灵处理（2 101头）和三唑锡处理（983头）的种群数量较对照分别减少了31.43%和67.92%。表明联苯肼脂对双尾新小绥螨后代影响较小，是较为安全的杀螨剂。

The effects of three acaricides on the growth, development and reproduction of the predatory mite Neoseiulus bicaudus offspring

In order to clarify the influence of acaricides on the growth, development and fecundity of the offspring of the predatory mite Neoseiulus bicaudus, the survival rate, developmental duration, longevity, female ratio and fecundity of the offspring from the maternal generation of Tetranychus turkestani treated with bifenazate, azocyclotin and pyridaben at LC₅₀ were determined. The age-stage specific two sex life table and population growth model of the offspring of N. bicaudus were constructed to analyze the sublethal effects of different acaricides. The results showed that the treatment with bifenazate significantly shortened the developmental duration of the immature stage of predatory mite offspring (4.81 d), but significantly lengthened the longevity of female (45.53 d), while there were no significant effects on the survival rate, preoviposition period, the ratio of female adult mites and the net reproductive rate. Azocyclotin significantly reduced the ratio of female adult mites (0.37) and the net reproductive rate (15.91), while there were no significant effects on the developmental duration of immature stage, total preoviposition period and longevity of adult. Pyridaben only significantly prolonged the longevity of female and male adult mites (51.22 d and 44.23 d) without other effects. Timing population simulation modeling showed that the offspring of N. bicaudus could maintain population growth when treated with the three acaricides. The population size of predatory mite offspring was promoted and produced up to 4 976 individuals (1.62 times the control group) at 60 d after treated with bifenazate. Compared with the control, the population sizes under azocyclotin treatment (2 101 individuals) and pyridaben treatment (983 individuals) decreased by 31.43% and 67.92%, respectively. The results indicated that bifenazate was a relatively safe acaricide with little effect on the offspring of N. bicaudus.