基于线粒体全基因组解析华北地区棉铃虫种群遗传结构

为明确我国华北地区棉铃虫种群间遗传分化，通过高通量测序测定华北地区河北省廊坊市、河南省新乡市和山东省烟台市27份棉铃虫线粒体全基因组，并分析这3个市棉铃虫种群的遗传结构。结果表明，华北地区棉铃虫线粒体基因组全长15 345~15 375 bp，长度变异主要由基因间隔区的A+T富集区造成，所有样品的13个蛋白编码基因在长度上均无差异，总群体间遗传分化很小，遗传分化指数为0.025，基因流水平很高，为19.46。27份样品被聚为亚型I和亚型II两个遗传分支，但未形成明显的地理结构，其中亚型II比例较低，仅包含河北省和山东省的4份样品。表明我国华北地区棉铃虫种群存在线粒体亚型分化，不同区域种群之间存在广泛的基因交流，没有形成谱系遗传结构，推测棉铃虫在华北地区存在高迁飞现象。

Population genetic structure of cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera in northern China based on complete mitochondrial genomes

In order to characterize the genetic differentiation and population genetic structure of the cotton bollworm,Helicoverpa armigera in northern China, a total of 27 complete mitochondrial genomes from samples collected in Langfang City, Hebei Province, Xinxiang City, Henan Province and Yantai City, Shandong Province were sequenced using a high-throughput Illumina NovaSeq 6000 System. The results showed that the mitochondrial genomes of cotton bollworm in northern China were 15 345-15 375 bp in length, and the variation of length was mainly caused by A+T enrichment region located in intergenic spacer. There was no difference in the length of the 13 protein-coding genes in all samples. There was little genetic differentiation in total populations, with a genetic differentiation index of 0.025 and a high level of gene flow among local populations with 19.46. The 27 samples were clustered into two genetic branches (Type I and Type II), but no obvious phylogeographic structure was detected. The proportion of Type II was relatively low, including only four samples from Hebei and Shandong provinces. The mitochondrial differentiation detected in cotton bollworm populations in northern China, and extensive gene flow between local populations, suggested an obvious migration behavior of cotton bollworm in northern China.