富磷钾矿物有机肥与过磷酸钙在地表径流中磷的流失对比

采用田间径流池法进行田间小区试验，研究玉米地富磷钾矿物有机肥、过磷酸钙处理下地表径流中磷的流失特征。结果表明：地表径流中总磷流失量折合为，富磷钾矿物有机肥0．77kg．hm-2，过磷酸钙1．12kg·hm-2（7次采样，总降雨量415mm）。当降雨量较小（26～37mm）时，施用富磷钾矿物有机肥和过磷酸钙肥料的土壤径流液中，TP质量浓度分别为0．725～1．402mg·L-1和0．677—1．903mg·L-1，每小区平均总磷流失量分别为7．18～37．62mg和7．89—61．49mg，两处理间差异不明显；当降雨量较大（76—87mm）时，施用富磷钾矿物有机肥和过磷酸钙肥料的土壤径流液中，TP质量浓度分别为0．699—1．238mg·L-1和1．170～2．151mg·L-1，每小区平均总磷流失量分别为139．3—332．3mg和159．4～454．1mg，富磷钾矿物有机肥处理的均低于过磷酸钙处理的，且差异显著。富磷钾矿物有机肥处理的土壤径流液中活性磷浓度（0．091～0．359mg·L-1）大于过磷酸钙处理的（0．066—0．327mg·L-1），但差异不显著。

Comparison of Phosphorus Loss Between the Organic Manure Containing High Phosphorus and Potassium and the Calcium Superphosphate in the Runoff of Ground Surface

The field runoff pool for field plot experiment was used to study the loss characteristics of phosphorus of surface runoff in the corn field treated with organic manure containing high phosphorus and potassium, and fertilizer calcium superphosphate. The organic manure and the fertilizer calcium superphosphate treatments had a total surface runoff loss of phosphorus of 0.77 kg ha-1 and 1.12 kg ha-1, respectively under the total rainfall of 415 mm. At low rainfall （26 - 37 mm）, the total phosphorus concentrations in the runoff liquid were 0. 725 - 1. 402 mg L-1 and 0. 677 - 1. 903 mg L- , respectively, and the total phosphorus losses were 7.18 -37.62 mg and 7.89 -61.49 mg, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two treatments. At high- er rainfall （76 - 87 mm）, the total phosphorus concentration of the runoff liquid in both treatments was 0. 699 - 1. 238 mg L-1 and 1. 170-2. 151 mg L-, respectively, and the total phosphorus loss was 139.3 -332.3 mg and 159.4 -454.1 mg, respectively. The changes in total phosphorus concentration and total phosphorus loss were significantly lower in the organic manure treatment than in the calcium superphosphate treatment. How- ever, the active phosphorus concentration of the runoff liquid was higher in the organic manure treatment （0.091 - O. 359 mg L-1） than in the significant difference between calcium superphosphate treatment （0.066 - O. 327 mg L- 1 ） , but there was no these two treatments.