普通玉米育种问题的研讨

高度重视种质创新和外源种质导入,丰富种质基础,保持遗传多样性,是搞好普通玉米育种之关键.要选育高配合力、高产、高抗的玉米自交系,按类群精选素材,保持其遗传特点.育种目标应是"竖叶、大穗、优质、高产、早熟、多抗”.按5大类群在强杂交优势类群间选配亲本,质量性状要求双亲互补,数量性状双亲应尽可能接近育种目标.对新组合在田间要反复观察,慎重"破格升级”,缩短育种年限.重视其水平抗性、耐密性及抗倒性的提高,并对其它育种问题作了研讨。

Study on Breeding Problem of Common Maize

In order to success in common maize breeding,it is keys to pay highly attention to creating of germplasm and introducing into exotic germplasm.So germplasm base can be abundance and the genetic variety can be reserved.Material of breeding must be elected carefully according to different types,which genetic peculiarity can be maintained.For the purpose of breeding,high combining a bility,high yield and high resistant inbred line maize.The breeding objective are as follows:vertical leaf,large ears,good quality,high yield,early riping and multiple resistance.Electing parents should be defined in types of high heterosis according to five types,which qualitative character of parents should be make up each other and quantitative character should be closed to breeding object with best possibility.New parental combination should be observed in field repeatly,and be careful to cut down in the term of breeding due to break with convention.It should be thonght highly of the improvement of the horizontal resistance,tolerance of large dense and lodging-resistance.And,this paper studied other breeding problems too.