警惕鄱阳湖区滨湖农田害鼠暴发成灾

2015年6月、9月和12月在鄱阳湖湖滩草洲和滨湖农田进行了鼠类密度调查,结果表明,农田总捕获率为11.22%,湖滩草洲总捕获率为3.98%,其中水稻田鼠密度非常高,6月、9月、12月合计捕获率分别为6.02%、16.73%和14.94%。尤其在本应该鼠密度较低的冬季,恒湖垦殖场水稻田生境的鼠密度却高达33.54%,说明目前鄱阳湖滨湖农田鼠密度已达较高水平,其中优势鼠种黄毛鼠(Rattus losea)和黑线姬鼠(Apodemus agrarius)的繁殖能力强,在冬季保持了较高的密度,且亚成体以下个体比例较高,如不加控制,有进一步暴发成灾的可能。从鼠种组成看,黑线姬鼠为湖滩生境第一优势种(占比为59.46%),黄毛鼠(32.43%)次之;在滨湖农田黄毛鼠(52.63%)已替代黑线姬鼠(44.41%)成为第一优势种群。由于黄毛鼠体型更大、密度高,其成为第一优势种后的发展动态需密切关注。

Signs of rodent population outbreak in lakeside farmland of Poyang Lake region

A survey on the rodent communities in the lakeside farmland and the beach in Poyang Lake was conducted in June, September and December, 2015. The results showed that the overall trap rate in the farmland was 11.22%, and 3.98% in lake beaches. Rodent density in rice field was very high, and the total trap rate was 6.02%, 16.73% and 14.94% in June, September and December, respectively. In general, the rodent density in winter should be in a lower level, however, the trap rate in rice field in Henghu Farm was up to 33.54% in December, which indicated, that the rodent density in Poyang Lake region was high. And the dominant species (Apodemus agrarius and Rattus losea) had high fecundity and kept high densities in winter with higher proportion of sub-adult and juvenile, so it was suggested to pay attention to the possibility of rodent population outbreak in the Poyang Lake region. According to the species composition, A. agrarius was the dominant species in beaches (59.46% in species composition), followed by R. losea (32.43%). The dominant species in farmland was R. losea (52.63%), followed by A. agrarius (44.41%), indicating that R. losea had replaced A. agrarius and became the first dominant species in the lakeside farmland. Based on its bigger body and high population density, it was suggested to pay more attention to population development of R. losea.