富硒麦芽对二乙基亚硝胺诱发大鼠肝癌发生的影响

将193只每只体重100-120 g雄性SD大鼠随机分成5组.在组Ⅰ-Ⅲ日粮中添加富硒麦芽(SEM)使Se质量分数分别达0.3、1.0、3.0 mg.kg-1;在组Ⅳ(模型组)、Ⅴ(阴性对照组,不加Se也不诱癌)日粮中添加Na2SeO3使Se质量分数达0.1mg.kg-1.组Ⅰ-Ⅳ的饮水中添加100 mg.L-1二乙基亚硝胺(DEN)以诱癌,维持DEN摄入量每天每千克体重约10 mg(10 mg.kg-1),连续16周,然后改饮普通灭菌水至18周末;组Ⅴ大鼠始终自由饮用普通灭菌水.每4周各组眼眶采血、断颈椎杀大鼠5只;于18周末采血、处死所有大鼠.每次采样前大鼠禁食12 h,观察其肝脏病理变化,统计肝脏表面癌结节数和自然死亡率,并测定血液中肝癌标志物甲胎球蛋白(AFP)含量、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)活性和丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、总胆红素(TB IL)含量等的动态变化.结果表明,某些剂量的SEM能有效地减少肝表面癌结节数,降低死亡率,明显减轻肝脏病理变化,并降低血清AFP含量、γ-GT活性,显著减少血浆ALT、ALP、TB IL含量.可见SEM能明显抑制DEN导致大鼠肝脏损伤,延缓肝脏癌变进程,保护肝脏,提高诱癌大鼠存活率.

Effect of selenium-enriched malt on diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats

193 SD rats weighing 100-120 g were randomly divided into 5 groups.The animals in group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed with selenium as se-enriched malt(SEM) supplemented diets(0.3,1.0 and 3.0 mg·kg-1).Animals in group Ⅳ and group Ⅴ received 0.1 mg·kg-1 selenium in sodium selenite only and were served as the positive control and negative control respectively.Animals of groups Ⅰ-Ⅳ were induced hepatoma by diethylnitrosamine resolved in sterilized water(100 mg·L-1) at the dosage of 10 mg·kg-1 body weight every day for 16 weeks,then drunk with sterilized water for another 2 weeks.Subsequently,five animals in each group were sacrificed by cervical decapitation in every 4 weeks,and all the rats were denied diet for 12 hours and sacrificed by cervical decapitation at the end of the 18th week.Then the effects of SEM on the pathology and hepatoma nodules of liver,natural mortality of rats,the hepatoma markers and the liver function tests in the plasma, named as α-fetoprotein(AFP),γ-glutamyltranspeptidase(γ-GT),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),total bilirubin(TBIL) were recorded.The results indicated that SEM at a certain dosage was effective in decreasing hepatoma nodules and the contents of AFP,γ-GT,ALT,ALP and TBIL in the plasma of hepatoma rats,decreasing the mortality.In conclusion,SEM can significantly deaden the lesion of liver,delay the development of DEN-induced hepatoma and show an ideal preventive function on the hepatocarcinogenesis,and increase the livability of hepatoma rats.