室内空气污染物的控制技术及对策研究

为探索出一种适合家庭使用的经济有效的室内空气净化方法,厨房采用换气通风,卧室和客厅分别采用活性碳吸附和植物吸收进行处理,测量不同处理措施下甲醛、氨气和总挥发性有机化合物(TVOC)在较长时间内的浓度变化,并进行数据处理.结果表明:(1)只要保持活性炭的吸附容量,可以对甲醛有7.0%的处理效率,既弥补了单纯的换气通风不能处理低浓度甲醛的缺陷,又比单纯的植物吸收更能有效地吸收甲醛.(2)采用通风换气,对总挥发性有机化合物(TVOC)的处理效率可达23.5%,既减少了占地,有一定的经济适用性,又避免了单纯的植物吸收和活性炭吸附饱和时可能造成的二次污染.(3)种植一些吸收有害气体的植物,不仅美化环境,还可以净化空气,一举两得,但要注意选取植物的多样性和植物摆放的位置,使植物吸收达到最佳的效果.

Study of Control Techniques and Policies of Indoor Air Pollutants

In order to explore an economical prevention measure for indoor air pollution,kitchen was treated with ventilation,bedchamber and parlour were treated with activated carbon and plant,the experimentation monitored the concentration variation of formaldehyde,ammonia,benzene and its homologue,as well as the Total Volatile Organic Compounds(TVOC) in a long time.The results showed that:(1)Activated carbon could absorb 7 percent formaldehyde within its adsorption capacity,which could make ventilation up at a higher efficiency and could absorb more formaldehyde than plants absorption;(2)Ventilation could absorb 23.5 percent TVOC in economy and avoid secondary pollution caused by activated carbon and plant absorption;(3)Plant absorption could fresh the air and beautify our environment if its diversity and location were cared.