沙冬青种子总生物碱对小鼠急性毒性试验研究

用酸水法提取沙冬青种子总生物碱,采用小鼠口腔灌服的方法对该生物碱进行了急性毒性试验,利用改良寇氏法测定该生物碱的LD50.结果表明:沙冬青种子总生物碱对小鼠口服的LD50为588.71mg/kg,LD50的95%可信限为513.93～674.37mg/kg.剖检变化为心脏色泽暗淡,肝脏和肾脏肿大,其它脏器无眼观病变.组织学变化呈现心肌纤维肿胀,肌浆内出现大量红色细小颗粒,间质血管充血;肝细胞肿大,胞浆内出现大小不等、多少不一的空泡,部分肝细胞坏死崩解;脾小体萎缩,淋巴细胞减少;肺脏血管充血;肾小管上皮细胞肿胀变性,部分肾小管上皮细胞坏死崩解.沙冬青种子总生物碱为低毒化合物,小鼠在沙冬青种子总生物碱中毒后,心脏、肝脏、脾脏和肾脏等主要器官都受到一定程度的损害,但对小鼠的持续影响较小.

Acute toxicity of total alkaloids of Ammopiptanthus mongolica seeds to mice

Ammopiptanthus mongolica was extracted by method of acid water and total alkaloid could be obtained.The toxic experiment of total alkaloid was poured to the throat of mice by oral cavity.LD50 of total alkaloids of seeds of A.mongolica in mice was determined by modified Karber’s method.The results showed that LD50 of total alkaloids of seeds of A.mongolica to the mice by oral administration was 588.71 mg/kg,its 95% confidence limit was 513.93~674.37 mg/kg.Dissected symptom of died mice showed that heart colored on;liver and kidney enlarged;the other organs did not show obvious pathological changes.Histologically,myocardium fiber swelled and there were a lot of red minute particles in muscle plasma.Interstitial blood vessels became bloodshot;liver cell swelled and unequal and unaverage hollow bubble existed in cellular plasma.Some liver cells were thanatosis and disintegration;spleen body atrophy,lymphocyte decreased;vein of lung became bloodshot;renal tubular epithelial cells swelled and degenerated,some tubular epithelial cells were thanatosis and disintegration.It is suggested that the total alkaloids of seeds of A.mongolica is a compounds with low toxicity.After mice were poisoned with the total alkaloids of seeds of A.mongolica,the main organs,such as heart,liver,spleen and kidney were harmed in certain extent.But the continued affect on mice is small.