氮磷钾肥对高羊茅生长及抗寒性的影响

利用盆栽试验研究了氮磷钾肥对冷季型草坪草高羊茅生长、叶绿素含量及抗寒性的影响。结果表明,NPK配合施用能有效促进草坪草生长、叶绿素合成及提高抗寒性。NPK处理的叶片数、叶长及株高分别是不施氮处理的1.23、1.73和1.68倍,是不施磷处理的1.96、2.25和2.04倍。播种后100.d,NPK处理SPAD值分别比PK和NK处理高出2.53和3.14倍;越冬期NPK处理的脯氨酸(Pro)、丙二醛(MDA)和电解质渗透率(EL)分别是PK处理的313.6%、36.4%和13.4%,是NK处理的104.2%、14.0%和11.6%。试验结果还表明,磷肥对草坪草生长影响最大,氮肥次之,氮磷肥缺乏均降低草坪草抗寒性;钾肥施用与否对草坪草生长及抗寒性影响不大。说明氮磷钾肥合理施用能有效改善越冬期草坪质量。

Effects of N,P,K fertilizer application on tall fescue growth and cold-resistance

A pot experiment in greenhouse was conducted to study the influence of N,P and K fertilizer application on growth,chlorophyll content and cold-resistance of tall fescue(Festuca arundinaces Schreb.).The results showed that combined application of N,P and K fertilizers could increase turf growth,chlorophyll synthesis and cold-resistance.The leaf number,leaf length and plant height of NPK(balanced fertilization) treatment were 1.23、1.73 and 1.68 times of those without N fertilizer,respectively,and were 1.96,2.25 and 2.04 times of those without P fertilizer,respectively.The SPAD value of NPK treatment at 100 days after seeding increased by 2.53 and 3.14 times compared with those without N or P treatment,respectively.During winter,the proline(Pro),malondialdehyde(MDA) content and leakage of electrolyte(EL) of NPK treatment were 313.55%,36.43% and 13.36% of those without N fertilizer treatment and were 104.19%,13.96% and 11.58% of those without P treatment.Among the three types of fertilizers,P fertilizer had the greatest influence on turf growth,followed by N fertilizer.Deficiency in N or P could decrease turf cold-resistance.K showed little effects on either turf growth or cold-resistance.The results indicated that balanced application of N,P and K fertilizers could improve turf quality during winter period.