高沉积静电喷雾装置试验研究

为了有效提高温室植保作业中药液雾滴在植株上的沉积率，提出了一种集高压静电喷雾技术、轴流风送技术于一体的高沉积静电喷雾装置，在实验室环境下对该装置进行了测试，获取了轴心风速、粒径和沉积率的相关信息，并进行了分析．试验结果表明：轴向气流可以有效提高喷幅，并且在距离喷头较近处，其对于提高药液雾滴的沉积率有着更明显的作用；在工作压力为0．4MPa，静电电压为40kV，静电与风送的配合下可以获得较小的雾滴粒径，并且距离喷头越远，粒径在总体上越小；轴向气流对于较小雾滴的筛出及输送作用，使得轴向喷雾范围中部的雾滴能够获得相对较好的粒径分布均匀性；植株与喷头的不同距离对应于静电与风送之间不同的配合效果，从而影响药液雾滴的沉积率，当植株与喷头之间拥有合理的距离时，药液雾滴能够获得较高的沉积率，对于本装置，在合理的距离下，可获得不小于50％的沉积率．

Experimental study on electrostatic spraying device with better deposition

Integrating with both the high-voltage electrostatic spray and the axial-flow air-assisted spray technique, an electrostatic spray device with better deposition for greenhouses was developed. The axial flow velocity, droplet diameter and deposition rate were tested in laboratory. The results show that the axial flow can improve the spray coverage effectively, and plays a significant role in increasing the depo- sition rate of chemical droplets in the ranges close to the nozzle. In general, when this device is operated at a pressure of 0.4 MPa and a voltage of 40 kV, it can produce smaller droplets by the combined effect of static electricity and axial flow. The axial flow can screen and transport small droplets, causing the droplets have more uniform size distributions in the middle of axial spray range. The distance between a plant and the nozzle depends on the eonrbination between static electricity and axial flow, eventually it affects the deposition rate. For the device, if such a distance is reasonable, a deposition rate that is not less than 50% can be obtained.