| 人工林的生物学稳定性与可持续经营 |
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| 引用本文： | 盛炜彤. 人工林的生物学稳定性与可持续经营[J]. 世界林业研究, 2001, 14(6): 14-21 |
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| 作者姓名： | 盛炜彤 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所, 北京100091 |
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| 摘 要： | 阐述了人工林的生物学稳定性与森林可持续经营的关系，人工林生物学上的不稳定是人工林可持续经营中存在的突出问题。提出了人工林不稳定性的3方面表现:抵御异常气候变化能力弱；容易遭病虫攻击；容易产生地力衰退。并列举了大量例证。说明了人工林生物学上不稳定的6个原因:单作；景观结构不合理；不能做到适地适树；实施人工林后的立地改变、气候改变及忽视检疫。并针对人工林不稳定性的原因，按生态系统管理要求，提出了7方面的综合育林措施:立地与树种、品种相匹配，适宜的景观配置，控制林分的遗传成分，进行科学的植被管理，改善造林技术，采取合理的收获作业及控制病虫。
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| 关 键 词： | 人工林 生物学稳定 可持续经营 |
| 收稿时间： | 2001-10-12 |
| 修稿时间： | 2001-10-12 |
The Relationship between Biological Stability and Sustainable Management of Plantation |
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| Sheng Weitong. The Relationship between Biological Stability and Sustainable Management of Plantation[J]. World Forestry Research, 2001, 14(6): 14-21 |
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| Authors: | Sheng Weitong |
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| Affiliation: | Research Institute of Forestry CAF, Beijing 100091, China |
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| Abstract: | The relationship between plantation biological stability and its sustainable management was studied.Instability of plantation is the main issue in forestry sustainable management.Three main concerns were mentioned:vulnerability of artificial forest to confront bad weather,susceptivity to diseases and pests,reduction of soil fertility.Six factors,causing biological instability of plantation,were illuminated through many examples:monocultures;unreasonable landscape structure;unmatched species to site;climatic change;site change due to carrying out plantation forest;neglecting quarantine.According to ecosystem management,there is a synthetic cultivation method to deal with plantation instability,including 7 aspects of forest cultivation measures:mach of species to site,reasonable configuration landscapes,gene control,scientific vegetation management,silviculture technical improvement,reasonable harvesting,diseases and pests control. |
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