奶牛酮病发病原因及其对生产性能影响调查分析

探索奶牛酮病发病原因、发病规律及其对生产性能的影响,对986头围产期奶牛进行跟踪调查分析。结果表明,奶牛酮病发病率为31.74%,死亡率为4.15%;秋季发病率最高,可达37.4%,其次是冬季和夏季,春季发病率最低;随着胎次、年龄和产乳量的增加,奶牛酮病的发病率明显增高;在第1个泌乳月奶牛酮病的发病率最高,可达50.43%;日粮种类和微量元素越少,奶牛酮病就越容易发生;奶牛发病后受胎率明显降低;发病后产乳量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率和乳干物质比发病前均明显降低,差异显著（P〈0.05）。奶牛酮病发病具有一定的规律性,且可降低奶牛的繁殖性能、产奶量和乳品质。

Pathogenesis of ketosis and its influence on production performance of dairy cows

To study the pathogenesis,occurrence regularity of ketosis and its influence on the production performance of dairy cows,the tracing survey on 986 peripartum dairy cows were carried out.The results showed that the incidence of ketosis was 31.74%,and the mortality rate was 4.15%.The highest incidence was up to 37.4% in autumn followed by winter,summer and spring.The incidence of ketosis increased significantly with the increasing parities,age and milk production.The highest incidence of ketosis was up to 50.43% in the first lactation month.The higher incidence of ketosis was induced by fewer diet types and low content of trace elements in diet.The conception rate of cows was decreased with increasing occurrence of ketosis.The milk yield and the content of fat,protein,lactose and dried matter in milk of ketotic cows were significantly lower than that of healthy ones（P〈0.05）.The ketosis in dairy cows with regularity could decrease the reproductive performance,the yield and quality of milk in ketotic cows.