应用气孔性状对苹果与梨的倍性判别分析

以苹果和梨的二倍体和多倍体为试材，比较了气孔保卫细胞叶绿体数目、气孔密度、气孔长和气孔宽四个性状与倍性的关系，分析各个性状用于倍性鉴定的可靠性，并采用两类性状同时进行判别分析，建立判别分析方程。结果表明，叶绿体数目和气孔长鉴定倍性的可靠性较高，其中，苹果气孔长误判率最低，为6.67%；梨气孔保卫细胞叶绿体数目误判率最低，为12.5 %。如以这两个性状进行判别分析，苹果判别方程鉴定倍性的可靠性与以气孔长鉴定倍性的可靠性相似，梨的判别方程可大大提高鉴定的可靠性。

DiscriminantAnalyses of Stomata Characters for Identifying the Polyploidy of Apple and Pear Varieties

30 apple and 24 pearvarieties were used as materials for this study.The number of chloroplast in stomata guardcell, density, length and width of stomata were observed. The results showed that thecluster analysis indicated that ploidy was highly correlated to the number of chloroplastin guard cell and the length of stomata. If these two factors were added in discriminantformula, the reliability of ploidy identification in apple by discriminant function wassimilar to its reliability based on length of stomata alone. However, the reliability wasincreased significantly in pear by the discriminant function which was involved the twofactors.