果树中基因枪法遗传转化的研究进展

目前,应用于果树遗传转化的方法主要有农杆菌介导法和DNA直接导入法。介绍了DNA直接导入法中基因枪转化技术的原理、类型和基因枪的轰击参数、受体材料、基因型、轰击前后的培养条件等对其遗传转化频率的影响,并系统地概述了基因枪法在选择标记基因、报告基因、改良果树性状相关基因、启动子及多基因遗传转化中的应用研究进展,同时对果树基因枪转化研究中存在的问题及应用前景进行了讨论。

Advances in application research on genetic transformation of fruit trees via particle bombardment

Nowadays the main methods of gene transformation and their applications in fruit trees are Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and direct DNA uptake. This review introduces the basic principle, types and important factors, such as bombardment parameters, explant, genotype, culture conditions of pre-and post-bombardment, that influence transfer efficiency about particle bombardment which is one of the methods of direct DNA uptake and systematically summarizes its application in genetic transformation of selectable marker gene, report gene, interest genes of genetic improvement of fruit tree traits, promoter and multiple genes. In addition, the prospects of its application and several main programs are put forward.