野象在中国的历史性消退及与人口压力关系的初步研究

为了研究野生亚洲象地域性消退的时空规律和原因。根据不同历史时期该种群在中国分布的北界，确定了北界南移的时间和速度。并结合人口压力进行了分析。结果表明：三千多年前，野象分布区曾北至黄河流域。唐地已移至长江以南，现仅存于云南西双版纳一地，每百年移０．５个纬度；人口对野象的压力不断增大是造成野象种群迅速向南退缩的首要原因。

The Historical Withdrawal of Wild Elephas maximus in China and Its Relationship with Human Population Pressure

Based on the northern distribution boundaries of wild Asian elephant (Elephas maximus ) population in different historical times of China, the space-time laws and reasons of the regional withdrawal of Elphas maximus as well as the relationship with human population pressure were analysed. The results show that the northern distribution boundary of Elephas maximus was in the Huanghe River three thousands years ago, then moved to the south of Changjiang River in the Tang Dynasty, and now only distributes in Xishuangbanna of Yunnan. The distribution region shrinks southwards at a speed of 0 5 latitute per century, the increasing growth of human population pressure on Elephas maximus is the prior reason for the rapid southwards withdrawal.