异物特征和断尾处理对断奶仔猪啃咬行为及其生产性能的影响

本文通过在猪栏内添加不同物理特征异物和断尾处理 ,对断奶仔猪的啃咬行为及其生产性能的影响进行了研究。试验中选择 35～ 40日龄大白猪及长白猪断奶仔猪各 6窝 ,从每窝选出健康均匀仔猪 6头 ,转群后放入一栏 ,公母各占一半。其中两个品种各有 2窝在出生后进行了断尾。试验分三个处理组 :T1 ,断尾组 ;T2 ,异物组一 ,在猪栏内放置篮球 ;T3,异物组二 ,在猪栏栅栏近地面处拴系三角皮带。每个试验组包括两个品种各两窝仔猪。试验使用摄像机 ,采取即时性观察方法进行观察。记录每日的采食量和仔猪试验前后的体重以计算日增重和饲料效率。试验结果表明 ,在猪栏内放置异物增加仔猪对添加异物进行探求和啃咬的时间。异物在栏内的位置不同对断奶仔猪咬尾行为、咬耳行为、咬蹄行为和啃栏行为等行为的影响不同。断尾也可以避免咬尾行为的发生 ,且有利于日增重和饲料效率的提高。

The Influence of the Feature of Environmental Enrichment and Tail Docking on Biting Behavior and Productivity in Weaned Piglets

The influcence of the addition of environment enrichment in pig pens and tail docking on biting behavior and productivity in weaned piglets was studied in this paper. 172 newly oweaned healthg piglets (30~40 days) from 12 litters in Yorkshire (Y) breed and Large whte (L) breed owere evenly selected and balanced in sex and body weight. 2 litters from each breed were docked after birth. There were three treatments in the experiment. It was as follows: (1) tail doeking; (2) one basketball was provided in the pens; (3) triangle belts tied to a bar on the floor were supplied in the pens. Instantaneous observation was made in the experiment through a pickup Camera. Feed intake was recorded every day and the body weight were measured at the begining and the end as to reckon daily gain and feed eonversion efficiency. The results showed that the time piglets spent on nosing and biting around environment enrichmen increased, environment enrichment could reduce biting behaviors, such as tail biting, ear biting, floor wall biting, and the influence differs with the position in the pens; Tail docking notonly Could avoid tail bit ing, but also benefit daily gain and increase the feed conversion efficiency.