同源四倍体水稻的生殖特性研究

与相应的二倍体水稻相比，同源四倍体的生殖特性发生了明显的变化，有性生殖能力明显变弱。在其花药内正常花粉粒数比较少（15.69%～29.98%），而败育花粉粒数比较多，它们的自交结实率(17.71%～31.95%)明显下降。APIV#-[4]正常胚囊(43.0%)数少，而退化胚囊(36.0%)和变异胚囊(21.0%)数多。APIV#-[4]的花粉管在其花柱中的伸入速度明显变慢，双受精频率下降而单受精频率增加，在其自然群体中存在着胚自发现象。同源四倍体水稻有性生殖的异常可能为无融合生殖基因的表达创造了条件。

Study on Reproductive Characters of Autotetraploid Rice

The autotetraploid rice changed obviously in reproductive characters, and had weaker sex reproductive ability in comparison with the relevant diploid rice. There were less normal pollen grains(15.69).98%)and more abnormal ones in the anthers. Their fertility was very low (17.711.95%) . There were less normal sacs (43.0%), more degenerated ones(36.0%) and varied ones(21.0%)in the ovules.The pollen tubes of APIV(4)stretched lately in the styles.There were less double fertilizations, more single ones and the embryo selfdevelopmental phenomena in the natural coloies.The authors think that the abnormal sex reproductive ability of autotetraploid rice provides a good condition for expression of apomictic genes.